Abstract is: Olivier Eugène Prosper Charles Messiaen (UK: /ˈmɛsiæ̃/, US: /mɛˈsjæ̃, meɪˈsjæ̃, mɛˈsjɒ̃/; French: [ɔlivje øʒɛn pʁɔspɛʁ ʃaʁl mɛsjɑ̃]; 10 December 1908 – 27 April 1992) was a French composer, organist, and ornithologist who was one of the major composers of the 20th century. His music is rhythmically complex; harmonically and melodically he employs a system he called modes of limited transposition, which he abstracted from the systems of material generated by his early compositions and improvisations. He wrote music for chamber ensembles and orchestra, vocal music, as well as for solo organ and piano, and also experimented with the use of novel electronic instruments developed in Europe during his lifetime. Messiaen entered the Paris Conservatoire at the age of 11 and studied with Paul Dukas, Maurice Emmanuel, Charles-Marie Widor and Marcel Dupré, among others. He was appointed organist at the Église de la Sainte-Trinité, Paris, in 1931, a post held for 61 years until his death. He taught at the Schola Cantorum de Paris during the 1930s. After the fall of France in 1940, Messiaen was interned for nine months in the German prisoner of war camp Stalag VIII-A, where he composed his Quatuor pour la fin du temps ("Quartet for the end of time") for the four instruments available in the prison—piano, violin, cello and clarinet. The piece was first performed by Messiaen and fellow prisoners for an audience of inmates and prison guards. He was appointed professor of harmony soon after his release in 1941 and professor of composition in 1966 at the Paris Conservatoire, positions that he held until his retirement in 1978. His many distinguished pupils included Iannis Xenakis, George Benjamin, Alexander Goehr, Pierre Boulez, Tristan Murail, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Yvonne Loriod, who became his second wife. Messiaen perceived colours when he heard certain musical chords (a phenomenon known as synaesthesia); according to him, combinations of these colours were important in his compositional process. He travelled widely and wrote works inspired by diverse influences, including Japanese music, the landscape of Bryce Canyon in Utah, and the life of St. Francis of Assisi. For a short period Messiaen experimented with the parametrisation associated with "total serialism", in which field he is often cited as an innovator. His style absorbed many global musical influences such as Indonesian gamelan (tuned percussion often features prominently in his orchestral works). He found birdsong fascinating, notating bird songs worldwide and incorporating birdsong transcriptions into his music. His innovative use of colour, his conception of the relationship between time and music, and his use of birdsong are among the features that make Messiaen's music distinctive.
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P166 | award received | 11050 Messiaën | Q266120 |
Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg | Q798054 | ||
Berliner Kunstpreis | Q821609 | ||
Erasmus Prize | Q974780 | ||
Ernst von Siemens Music Prize | Q703298 | ||
Kyoto Prize in Arts and Philosophy | Q6452192 | ||
Wihuri Sibelius Prize | Q2569837 | ||
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour | Q10855226 | ||
Léonie Sonning Music Prize | Q1165751 | ||
Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany | Q10905276 | ||
Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres | Q13452531 | ||
Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medal | Q27575234 | ||
Commander of the Order of the Crown | Q17200714 | ||
honorary doctor of the University of Sydney | Q85196951 | ||
Honorary Member of the International Society for Contemporary Music | Q126966959 | ||
P1477 | birth name | Olivier Eugène Charles Prosper Messiaen | |
P607 | conflict | World War II | Q362 |
P6275 | copyright representative | SACEM | Q1806936 |
reproduction right represented by CISAC-member | Q71528227 | ||
P7763 | copyright status as a creator | works protected by copyrights | Q73555012 |
P27 | country of citizenship | France | Q142 |
P1343 | described by source | UbuWeb | Q1145552 |
Obálky knih | Q67311526 | ||
BEIC Digital Library | Q51955019 | ||
Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia, vol. 7 | Q123625363 | ||
Brief Biographical Dictionary of Foreign Composers | Q125935456 | ||
P10527 | documentation files at | SAPA Foundation, Swiss Archive of the Performing Arts | Q50920401 |
P69 | educated at | Conservatoire de Paris | Q463055 |
P108 | employer | École Normale de Musique de Paris Alfred Cortot | Q273482 |
Conservatoire de Paris | Q463055 | ||
Schola Cantorum de Paris | Q1407107 | ||
P734 | family name | Messiaen | Q74081484 |
Messiaen | Q74081484 | ||
Messiaen | Q74081484 | ||
P22 | father | Pierre Messiaen | Q3386257 |
P136 | genre | opera | Q1344 |
symphony | Q9734 | ||
P735 | given name | Olivier | Q16280379 |
Olivier | Q16280379 | ||
P1303 | instrument | organ | Q1444 |
P1412 | languages spoken, written or signed | French | Q150 |
P1455 | list of works | list of compositions by Olivier Messiaen | Q259399 |
P1050 | medical condition | synesthesia | Q13258 |
P463 | member of | Académie des beaux-arts | Q337531 |
Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium | Q337580 | ||
American Academy of Arts and Letters | Q463281 | ||
American Academy of Arts and Sciences | Q463303 | ||
Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts | Q812155 | ||
Jeune France | Q2549418 | ||
Academy of Arts of the GDR | Q15646111 | ||
P25 | mother | Cécile Sauvage | Q3009800 |
P135 | movement | 20th-century classical music | Q1338153 |
P1559 | name in native language | Olivier Messiaen | |
P800 | notable work | Éclairs sur l'au-delà... | Q273423 |
Thème et variations | Q775508 | ||
Quatuor pour la fin du temps | Q1683795 | ||
Quatre Études de rythme | Q3413527 | ||
Trois Petites Liturgies de la Présence Divine | Q3540024 | ||
Saint François d'Assise | Q2605813 | ||
P1971 | number of children | 1 | |
P106 | occupation | musician | Q639669 |
pianist | Q486748 | ||
organist | Q765778 | ||
university teacher | Q1622272 | ||
composer | Q36834 | ||
librettist | Q8178443 | ||
ornithologist | Q1225716 | ||
musicologist | Q14915627 | ||
music theorist | Q16031530 | ||
music educator | Q16145150 | ||
P119 | place of burial | Saint-Théoffrey | Q1149906 |
P264 | record label | Deutsche Grammophon | Q168407 |
P7084 | related category | Category:Compositions by Olivier Messiaen | Q8008342 |
P21 | sex or gender | male | Q6581097 |
P3373 | sibling | Alain Messiaen | Q26997566 |
P26 | spouse | Yvonne Loriod | Q235500 |
Claire Delbos | Q2905342 | ||
P802 | student | Pierre Boulez | Q156193 |
Yvonne Loriod | Q235500 | ||
André Hodeir | Q432330 | ||
Tristan Murail | Q708501 | ||
Xavier Darasse | Q544223 | ||
Gérard Grisey | Q548149 | ||
Odette Gartenlaub | Q1637208 | ||
Pierrette Mari | Q3387898 | ||
Jean-Claude Henry | Q1684755 | ||
Lourival Silvestre | Q17634412 | ||
Marius Constant | Q1342033 | ||
Michaël Levinas | Q1361994 | ||
Alexandros Kalogeras | Q102283092 | ||
P1066 | student of | Jean Gallon | Q154949 |
Maurice Emmanuel | Q205606 | ||
Charles-Marie Widor | Q215161 | ||
Marcel Dupré | Q315879 | ||
Paul Dukas | Q215556 | ||
Noël Gallon | Q1934922 | ||
Fernande Decruck | Q19560341 | ||
Georges Falkenberg | Q21088126 | ||
P910 | topic's main category | Category:Olivier Messiaen | Q9231291 |
Q266120 | 11050 Messiaën |
Q60343493 | Chapelle du couvent des Minimes de Grenoble |
Q112071372 | rue Olivier Messiaen |
Q3449339 | rue Olivier-Messiaen |
Q119742864 | école maternelle Olivier Messiaen |
Q119911457 | école élémentaire Olivier Messiaen |
Q1258523 | Dresdner Interregnum 1991 |
Q2936894 | Cantéyodjayâ |
Q2941632 | Catalogue d'oiseaux |
Q2998795 | Couleurs de la Cité céleste |
Q3024076 | Des Canyons aux étoiles... |
Q17004449 | Fête des belles eaux |
Q3202426 | L'Ascension |
Q3202428 | L'ascension |
Q3822007 | La Dame de Shalott |
Q3208656 | La Fauvette des jardins |
Q911776 | La Nativité du Seigneur |
Q1809716 | Le Banquet Céleste |
Q300906 | Le merle noir |
Q1820491 | Les Corps Glorieux |
Q3234322 | Les Offrandes oubliées |
Q3257231 | Livre d'orgue |
Q3224028 | Livre du Saint-Sacrement |
Q3307005 | Messe de la Pentecôte |
Q3349968 | Oiseaux exotiques |
Q3377461 | Petites esquisses d'oiseaux |
Q3142919 | Preludes for piano |
Q3413527 | Quatre Études de rythme |
Q1683795 | Quatuor pour la fin du temps |
Q3458217 | Réveil des oiseaux |
Q2605813 | Saint François d'Assise |
Q3478915 | Sept haïkaï |
Q775508 | Thème et variations |
Q3540024 | Trois Petites Liturgies de la Présence Divine |
Q1471867 | Turangalîla-Symphonie |
Q1305640 | Um Adeus Português |
Q1365071 | Vingt Regards sur l'enfant-Jésus |
Q3561058 | Visions de l'Amen |
Q273423 | Éclairs sur l'au-delà... |
Q3549123 | Un vitrail et des oiseaux |
Q57506848 | Harawi (1994-1995) |
Q57511683 | Harawi (1995-1996) |
Q57500882 | Het einde der tijden (2005-2006) |
Q57505075 | L'esprit Messiaen (2008-2009) |
Q57504557 | Making the Skies Move (2011-2012) |
Q57503357 | Pierrot Lunaire / Quator pour la fin du temps (1996-1997) |
Q215847 | Alexander Goehr |
Q102283092 | Alexandros Kalogeras |
Q454283 | Amando Blanquer |
Q432330 | André Hodeir |
Q262420 | Betsy Jolas |
Q2926750 | Bruno Ducol |
Q201159 | Claude Ballif |
Q461815 | Erzsébet Szőnyi |
Q1450908 | François Bayle |
Q945633 | George Benjamin |
Q5547194 | Georgi Minchev |
Q505926 | Gerald Levinson |
Q12875346 | Giorgos Kouroupos |
Q548149 | Gérard Grisey |
Q4817283 | Hüseyin Sermet |
Q1684755 | Jean-Claude Henry |
Q3177025 | Jennifer Bate |
Q441274 | Joanna Bruzdowicz |
Q362686 | José Antônio Rezende de Almeida Prado |
Q42726587 | José Enrique Ayarra Jarne |
Q1710321 | Juan Allende-Blin |
Q346908 | Julio Estrada |
Q6410085 | Kimi Sato |
Q17634412 | Lourival Silvestre |
Q5992574 | Manuel Carra |
Q11769317 | Marian Borkowski |
Q63119664 | Marie-Véra Maixandeau |
Q1342033 | Marius Constant |
Q1749290 | Maurice Le Roux |
Q1361994 | Michaël Levinas |
Q1106563 | Michèle Reverdy |
Q151976 | Mikis Theodorakis |
Q37793204 | Monique Gabus |
Q3339352 | Nguyen-Thien Dao |
Q12881864 | Nicolas Panagopoulos |
Q1637208 | Odette Gartenlaub |
Q516845 | Pascal Dusapin |
Q3383707 | Pierre Ancelin |
Q156193 | Pierre Boulez |
Q3387898 | Pierrette Mari |
Q7235545 | Poul Rovsing Olsen |
Q1526764 | Qigang Chen |
Q54932852 | Rainer Boesch |
Q3505763 | Susumu Yoshida |
Q708501 | Tristan Murail |
Q1393079 | Tālivaldis Ķeniņš |
Q544223 | Xavier Darasse |
Q235500 | Yvonne Loriod |
Q2549418 | Jeune France | founded by | P112 |
Q111015936 | Flore Wend | partner in business or sport | P1327 |
Q974780 | Erasmus Prize | winner | P1346 |
Q9231291 | Category:Olivier Messiaen | category's main topic | P301 |
Q26997566 | Alain Messiaen | sibling | P3373 |
Q2549418 | Jeune France | has part(s) | P527 |
Q107013431 | Kreuzspiel, Louange à L'éternité de Jésus, and Mashups: Three Analytical Essays on Music from the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries | main subject | P921 |
Q8008342 | Category:Compositions by Olivier Messiaen | category combines topics | P971 |
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