Abstract is: The common loon or great northern diver (Gavia immer) is a large member of the loon, or diver, family of birds. Breeding adults have a plumage that includes a broad black head and neck with a greenish, purplish, or bluish sheen, blackish or blackish-grey upperparts, and pure white underparts except some black on the undertail coverts and vent. Non-breeding adults are brownish with a dark neck and head marked with dark grey-brown. Their upperparts are dark brownish-grey with an unclear pattern of squares on the shoulders, and the underparts, lower face, chin, and throat are whitish. The sexes look alike, though males are significantly heavier than females. During the breeding season, loons live on lakes and other waterways in Canada; the northern United States (including Alaska); and southern parts of Greenland and Iceland. Small numbers breed on Svalbard and sporadically elsewhere in Arctic Eurasia. Common loons winter on both coasts of the US as far south as Mexico, and on the Atlantic coast of Europe. Common loons eat a variety of animal prey including fish, crustaceans, insect larvae, molluscs, and occasionally aquatic plant life. They swallow most of their prey underwater, where it is caught, but some larger items are first brought to the surface. Loons are monogamous; that is, a single female and male often together defend a territory and may breed together for a decade or more. Both members of a pair build a large nest out of dead marsh grasses and other plants formed into a mound along the vegetated shores of lakes. A single brood is raised each year from a clutch of one or two olive-brown oval eggs with dark brown spots which are incubated for about 28 days by both parents. Fed by both parents, the chicks fledge in 70 to 77 days. The chicks are capable of diving underwater when just a few days old, and they fly to their wintering areas before ice forms in the fall. The common loon is assessed as a species of least concern on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. It is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds applies. The United States Forest Service has designated the common loon a species of special status because of threats from habitat loss and toxic metal poisoning in its US range. The common loon is the provincial bird of Ontario, and it appears on Canadian currency, including the one-dollar "loonie" coin and a previous series of $20 bills. In 1961, it was designated the state bird of Minnesota, and appears on the Minnesota State Quarter.
taxon | Q16521 |
P4526 | ABA bird ID | comloo |
P4024 | ADW taxon ID | Gavia_immer |
P10191 | All About Birds ID | Common_Loon |
P2026 | Avibase taxon ID | 7E02237895784E9A |
P1617 | BBC Things ID | 27f5f193-f056-453a-8bfb-1bc418fc7907 |
P7202 | Belgian Species List ID | 3101 |
P838 | BioLib taxon ID | 8333 |
P11076 | Biota Information System of New Mexico species ID | 041150 |
P5257 | BirdLife taxon ID | 22697842 |
P3606 | BOLD Systems taxon ID | 9525 |
P4798 | BTO Birds of Britain ID | bob40 |
P4567 | BTO five-letter code | GRNDI |
P12554 | CalPhotos taxon ID | Gavia+immer |
P10585 | Catalogue of Life ID | 3FFP6 |
P6033 | CMS ID | gavia-immer |
P935 | Commons gallery | Gavia immer |
P4902 | CONABIO ID | 189403AVESB501112 |
P5263 | Czech NDOP taxon ID | 1169 |
P9519 | Digital Atlas of Idaho URL | https://digitalatlas.cose.isu.edu/bio/birds/loons/colo/colofrm.htm |
P4630 | DORIS ID | 1573 |
P1939 | Dyntaxa ID | 233142 |
P9690 | E-Fauna BC species ID | Gavia immer |
P6864 | eBiodiversity ID | 61117 |
P3444 | eBird taxon ID | comloo |
P830 | Encyclopedia of Life ID | 45508998 |
P1417 | Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID | animal/common-loon |
P3031 | EPPO Code | GAVIIM |
P6177 | EUNIS ID for species | 1062 |
P3459 | EURING number | 40 |
P2163 | FAST ID | 869808 |
P1895 | Fauna Europaea ID | 96568 |
P4807 | Fauna Europaea New ID | c54f726d-6e35-44f5-9521-9b1e0bb796aa |
P7552 | Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility's Species List ID | MX.25839 |
P842 | Fossilworks taxon ID | 133768 |
P646 | Freebase ID | /m/019212 |
P846 | GBIF taxon ID | 2481962 |
P4715 | Guide to North American Birds ID | common-loon |
P7182 | IBP 4-letter bird species alpha code | COLO |
P12121 | IBP 6-letter bird species alpha code | GAVIMM |
P9684 | Idaho Species ID | 15698 |
P3151 | iNaturalist taxon ID | 4626 |
P3099 | Internet Bird Collection species ID | great-northern-diver-gavia-immer |
P5055 | IRMNG ID | 10190144 |
P815 | ITIS TSN | 174469 |
P627 | IUCN taxon ID | 22697842 |
P6041 | John J. Audubon's Birds of America ID | great-northern-diver-or-loon |
P244 | Library of Congress authority ID | sh85028996 |
P8647 | Library of Congress Children's Subject Headings ID | sj2022050102 |
P1149 | Library of Congress Classification | QL696.G33 |
P11084 | Maryland Biodiversity Project species ID | 951 |
P9685 | Montana Field Guide species ID | ABNBA01030 |
P8189 | National Library of Israel J9U ID | 987007542990605171 |
P11078 | Naturbasen species ID | 32/islom |
P10243 | NatureServe Explorer ID | 2.100554 |
P8707 | NBIC taxon ID | 3925 |
P3240 | NBN System Key | NBNSYS0000000220 |
P685 | NCBI taxonomy ID | 37039 |
P3405 | Nederlands Soortenregister ID | 139352 |
P6047 | Neotropical Birds ID | comloo |
P10064 | NWT Species ID | gavia-immer |
P6754 | OBIS ID | 137187 |
P6105 | Observation.org taxon ID | 263 |
P6289 | ODNR Division of Wildlife ID | birds/common-loon |
P6025 | Oiseaux.net ID | plongeon.imbrin |
P9157 | Open Tree of Life ID | 1057518 |
P10907 | Paleobiology Database taxon ID | 133768 |
P6018 | SeaLifeBase ID | 165324 |
P9595 | SOR bird ID | Cufundar-mare |
P6019 | Species at Risk public registry ID | 310 |
310 | ||
P4342 | Store norske leksikon ID | islom |
P3186 | TAXREF ID | 959 |
P2892 | UMLS CUI | C1006590 |
P850 | WoRMS-ID for taxa | 137187 |
P2426 | Xeno-canto species ID | Gavia-immer |
P8915 | ZOBODAT taxon ID | 20253 |
P51 | audio | Tremolo wails of a Common Loon (Great Northern Diver, Gavia immer) License: CC BY-SA 2.5 Artists: Darwin Long This work is copyrighted. Attribution is required. | |
P9566 | diel cycle | diurnality | Q4284186 |
P1889 | different from | glacier | Q35666 |
P141 | IUCN conservation status | Least Concern | Q211005 |
P2067 | mass | 4.5 | |
5.46 | |||
P171 | parent taxon | Gavia | Q3758978 |
P1813 | short name | G. immer | |
P1843 | taxon common name | Plongeon huard | |
plongeon imbrin | |||
Lóma mór | |||
Muir-bhuachaill | |||
Arrag vooar | |||
veliki plijenor | |||
jeges búvár | |||
Himbrimi | |||
Strolaga maggiore | |||
ハシグロアビ | |||
პოლარული ღორიხვა | |||
Sedhor bras | |||
ledinis naras | |||
melngalvas gārgale | |||
polārā gārgale | |||
Islom | |||
ijsduiker | |||
(nur) lodowiec | |||
mobelha-grande | |||
Черноклювая гагара | |||
Áhpedovtta | |||
potáplica veľká | |||
ledni slapnik | |||
svartnäbbad islom | |||
гагара полярна | |||
IJsduiker | |||
calón grande | |||
Splujer bras | |||
calàbria grossa | |||
potáplice lední | |||
trochydd mawr | |||
Islom | |||
Eistaucher | |||
Common Loon | |||
Great Northern Diver | |||
great northern loon | |||
Great Northern Loon | |||
Colimbo grande | |||
jääkaur | |||
amerikanjääkuikka | |||
P225 | taxon name | Gavia immer | |
P105 | taxon rank | species | Q7432 |
P910 | topic's main category | Category:Gavia immer | Q55274216 |
FileName: Great Northern Diver ( Gavia immer ) Juvenile ... Scarborough Harbour , Yorkshire (53444138635).jpg
Description: Double click image.
Artist: peterichman
Work is copyrighted.
License: CC BY-SA 2.0
Attribution is required.
FileName: Gavia Immer-map-localisation.svg
Description: Gavia immer world map distribution / mondaj vivejoj de Gavia immer
Artist: Kimdime69
Work is copyrighted.
License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Attribution is required.