| scholarly article | Q13442814 |
| P2093 | author name string | BARLOW HB | |
| P2860 | cites work | The absolute sensitivity and functional stability of the human eye | Q24538701 |
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| Visual Purple Level and the Course of Dark Adaptation | Q59083992 | ||
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| Variation of integrative actions in the retinal system; an adaptational phenomenon | Q73662618 | ||
| Nervous mechanisms and dark-adaptation | Q73663213 | ||
| Steep frequency-of-seeing curves | Q73689862 | ||
| Retinal noise and absolute threshold | Q74162205 | ||
| Increment thresholds at low intensities considered as signal/noise discriminations | Q74498066 | ||
| Change of organization in the receptive fields of the cat's retina during dark adaptation | Q74612997 | ||
| P433 | issue | 2 | |
| P407 | language of work or name | English | Q1860 |
| P304 | page(s) | 337-350 | |
| P577 | publication date | 1958-04-01 | |
| P1433 | published in | Journal of Physiology | Q7743612 |
| P1476 | title | Temporal and spatial summation in human vision at different background intensities | |
| P478 | volume | 141 |
| Q35851505 | A Distinct Mechanism of Temporal Integration for Motion through Depth |
| Q55155962 | A Method Using Goldmann Stimulus Sizes I to V-Measured Sensitivities to Predict Lead Time Gained to Visual Field Defect Detection in Early Glaucoma. |
| Q43899320 | A Nonlinear Receptive Field Model of the Visual System |
| Q79341687 | A method of determining the over-all quantum efficiency of visual discriminations |
| Q73741396 | A model of the perceived relative positions of moving objects based upon a slow averaging process |
| Q83153664 | A noisy transform predicts saccadic and manual reaction times to changes in contrast |
| Q71434445 | A quantitative analysis of interactions between photoreceptors in the salamander (Ambystoma) retina |
| Q52771678 | A unified model for the combined temporal and spatial Broca-Sulzer effect |
| Q97652883 | Altered spatial summation optimizes visual function in axial myopia |
| Q86918819 | An illusory distortion of moving form driven by motion deblurring |
| Q42828758 | Angular declination and the dynamic perception of egocentric distance |
| Q42262117 | Attenuation of perceived motion smear during vergence and pursuit tracking |
| Q69537212 | Bloch's Law for Brief Flashes of Large Angular Subtense |
| Q80735150 | Bloch's law and the dynamics of feature fusion |
| Q95775735 | Brightness function: Effect of area and duration |
| Q34347075 | Center-surround antagonism in spatial vision: retinal or cortical locus? |
| Q67006189 | Changes in critical duration during dark-adaptation |
| Q44593442 | Classification images reveal spatiotemporal contour interpolation |
| Q92746077 | Comparison of contrast sensitivity in macaque monkeys and humans |
| Q41523257 | Configuration dependence of scotopic spatial summation |
| Q47368286 | Contrast sensitivity near borders: Significance of test stimulus form, size and duration |
| Q67003722 | Contrast thresholds for patterns of dynamic visual noise |
| Q37475287 | Cortical neural populations can guide behavior by integrating inputs linearly, independent of synchrony. |
| Q60512349 | Critical duration and visibility persistence |
| Q48319745 | Dark adaptation and receptive field organisation of cells in the cat lateral geniculate nucleus |
| Q43445904 | Dark adaptation and short-wavelength backgrounds decrease perceived size |
| Q46359371 | Dark adaptation recovery of human rod bipolar cell response kinetics estimated from scotopic b-wave measurements |
| Q72797402 | Decremental and incremental visual thresholds |
| Q57537778 | Defining the detection mechanisms for symmetric and rectified flicker stimuli |
| Q39702477 | Definition of neural response and incremental sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells in a tree shrew (Tupaia chinensis) |
| Q36069283 | Determining Spatial Summation and Its Effect on Contrast Sensitivity across the Central 20 Degrees of Visual Field |
| Q31054308 | Diffusion Decision Model: Current Issues and History |
| Q34705563 | Direct Measures of Short-Term Visual Storage |
| Q46748696 | Disclosing disease mechanisms with a spatio-temporal summation paradigm. |
| Q70667404 | Disturbances of rod threshold forced by briefly exposed luminous lines, edges, disks and annuli |
| Q69124683 | Equivalent-background transformation for spatially, temporally, and chromatically differing photopic stimuli |
| Q72766292 | Facilitation effect of background light on target detection: A test of theories of absolute threshold |
| Q52070807 | Flicker sensitivity as a function of target area with and without temporal noise. |
| Q48101248 | Foveal and extra-foveal orientation discrimination |
| Q51576420 | Foveal spatial summation in human cone mechanism. |
| Q46301822 | How vernier acuity depends on contrast |
| Q59024920 | Human Rod Visual Delay |
| Q45929334 | Improved visual sensitivity during smooth pursuit eye movements: temporal and spatial characteristics. |
| Q41443636 | Improvement in human vision under bright light: grain or gain? |
| Q53015385 | Impulse functions for human rod vision |
| Q39746088 | Influence of background size, luminance and eccentricity on different adaptation mechanisms. |
| Q34583674 | Information persistence in the integration of partial cues for object recognition |
| Q71643758 | Invariant features of spatial summation with changing locus in the visual field |
| Q52954069 | Investigation of temporal integration by video sampling. |
| Q52350637 | LUMINANCE DISCRIMINATION OF BRIEF FLASHES UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS OF ADAPTATION. |
| Q69963029 | Length and width summation in human vision at different background levels |
| Q52318554 | Light adaptation and the dynamics of induced tilt |
| Q74595319 | Linear mechanisms can produce motion sharpening |
| Q64235196 | Linkage between retinal ganglion cell density and the nonuniform spatial integration across the visual field |
| Q59088610 | Low retinal noise in animals with low body temperature allows high visual sensitivity |
| Q35150959 | Mapping the perceptual grain of the human retina |
| Q81403967 | Measurements of the quantum efficiency of discrimination in human scotopic vision |
| Q38104186 | Measuring contrast sensitivity |
| Q50194362 | Measuring temporal summation in visual detection with a single-photon source |
| Q59056058 | Monocular versus Binocular Visual Acuity |
| Q52319345 | Monophasic temporal modulation increases apparent spatial frequency. |
| Q55003761 | Motion Masking by Stationary Objects: A Study of Simulated Saccades. |
| Q48099368 | Motion and position coding |
| Q73887632 | Motion blur and motion sharpening in the human visual system |
| Q52232547 | Motion blur and motion sharpening: temporal smear and local contrast non-linearity. |
| Q37842844 | Motion psychophysics: 1985-2010. |
| Q73297043 | Motion sharpening and contrast: gain control precedes compressive non-linearity? |
| Q59099157 | Motion smear |
| Q47289788 | Motion, flash, and flicker: a unified spatiotemporal model of perceived edge sharpening |
| Q73887642 | Moving vernier in amblyopic and peripheral vision: greater tolerance to motion blur |
| Q52335821 | Neural limitations of visual excitability: After-effects of subliminal stimulation |
| Q51243453 | Neurophysiological correlates of brightness discrimination in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the squirrel monkey. |
| Q47107164 | New Types of Experiments Reveal that a Neuron Functions as Multiple Independent Threshold Units |
| Q37063957 | No attentional capture from invisible flicker |
| Q44523844 | Noise and the absolute thresholds of cone and rod vision |
| Q61635636 | On peripheral and central explanations of temporal summation |
| Q77753030 | On the perceived location of global motion |
| Q52998985 | On the retinal basis of visual adaptation |
| Q50776634 | Opponent-color detection threshold asymmetries may result from reduction of ganglion cell subpopulations. |
| Q64887920 | Optimal detection of flash intensity differences using rod photocurrent observations. |
| Q52387110 | Optimal test parameters for computerized quantitative layer-by-layer perimetry. |
| Q66935109 | Perception of continuity in stroboscopic motion: A temporal frequency analysis |
| Q52007370 | Perceptual compression of space through position integration. |
| Q37656641 | Psychophysical assessment of low visual function in patients with retinal degenerative diseases (RDDs) with the Diagnosys full-field stimulus threshold (D-FST). |
| Q74013772 | Pulse and steady-pedestal contrast discrimination: effect of spatial parameters |
| Q38821827 | Quadrant Field Pupillometry Detects Melanopsin Dysfunction in Glaucoma Suspects and Early Glaucoma |
| Q72105053 | Quantitative aspects of sensitivity and summation in the cat retina |
| Q52767162 | Quantitative studies of some dynamic visual effects. |
| Q53015376 | Quantum efficiency and false positive rate |
| Q50147553 | Rapid Adaptation of Night Vision. |
| Q70667401 | Rapid changes and hysteresis in spatial integration for human rod vision |
| Q69467916 | Reaction time as a measure of the temporal response properties of individual colour mechanisms |
| Q39984038 | Receptive fields in visual systems |
| Q67287055 | Reduction of the human detective quantum efficiency due to lateral neural interactions |
| Q24538861 | Responses of cat retinal ganglion cells to brief flashes of light |
| Q53015391 | Rod increment thresholds on steady and flashed backgrounds |
| Q46023277 | Rod phototransduction determines the trade-off of temporal integration and speed of vision in dark-adapted toads. |
| Q67057778 | Rod-cone interaction in human scotopic vision--II. Cones influence rod increment thresholds |
| Q37038508 | Rod-cone interactions and the temporal impulse response of the cone pathway |
| Q51110320 | Scotopic Visibility Curve in Man Obtained by the VER |
| Q52213806 | Seeing better at night: life style, eye design and the optimum strategy of spatial and temporal summation. |
| Q44815324 | Seeing visual word forms: spatial summation, eccentricity and spatial configuration. |
| Q48712111 | Selective temporal interactions between processing streams with differential sensitivity for colour and luminance contrast |
| Q35628330 | Senescent changes in photopic spatial summation |
| Q72251584 | Sensitivity of Receptors and Receptor “Pools” |
| Q71624234 | Sensitization by annular surrounds: Individual differences |
| Q30423755 | Shape recognition elicited by microsecond flashes is not based on photon quantity |
| Q42220248 | Shapes displayed with durations in the microsecond range do not obey Bloch's law of temporal summation |
| Q69593845 | Single and multiple stimulus static perimetry in glaucoma; the two phases of perimetry. Thesis |
| Q58720515 | Slow gain fluctuations limit benefits of temporal integration in visual cortex |
| Q51215623 | Spatial and temporal summation in impaired regions of the visual field. |
| Q71046295 | Spatial and temporal summation in the human dark-adapted retina |
| Q71138394 | Spatial and temporal summation of pupillomotor contraction upon light stimulation in man |
| Q45907642 | Spatial characteristics of motion-sensitive mechanisms change with age and stimulus spatial frequency. |
| Q41667613 | Spatial distortions in rotating radial figures |
| Q72876925 | Spatial integration and sensitivity changes in the human rod visual system |
| Q34241177 | Spatial interaction in the human retina during scotopic vision |
| Q73741386 | Spatial scale of visual analysis for vernier acuity does not vary over time |
| Q50548350 | Spatial summation improves bird color vision in low light intensities. |
| Q37232652 | Spatial summation in human cone mechanisms from 0 degrees to 20 degrees in the superior retina |
| Q66944179 | Spatial summation in human vision: simple reaction time measurements |
| Q58786142 | Spatial summation in the human fovea: Do normal optical aberrations and fixational eye movements have an effect? |
| Q44624875 | Spatial summation of S-cone ON and OFF signals: Effects of retinal eccentricity |
| Q50513472 | Spatial summation of blue-on-yellow light increments and decrements in human vision. |
| Q89830615 | Spatiotemporal integration of visual stimuli and its relevance to the use of a divisional power supply scheme for retinal prosthesis |
| Q44519475 | Spatiotopic temporal integration of visual motion across saccadic eye movements. |
| Q53021743 | Specification fo road traffic signal light intensity. |
| Q64110848 | Standards in Pupillography |
| Q44839829 | Static flicker perimetry in glaucoma and ocular hypertension |
| Q33221448 | Static fundus perimetry in normals. Microperimeter 1 versus SLO |
| Q36798468 | Static fundus perimetry using the scanning laser ophthalmoscope with an automated threshold strategy |
| Q58983728 | Statistical Detection Theory of Piper's Law |
| Q68941794 | Stimulus duration and the oxcillatory potentials of the human electroretinogram |
| Q69789265 | Suppression of visible persistence in apparent motion |
| Q66928192 | Suprathreshold intensity-area relationships: A spatial Broca-Sulzer effect |
| Q39582829 | Techniques and developments in automated perimetry: a review |
| Q59039723 | Temporal Reversal of Land Effect Colour Rules |
| Q72432089 | Temporal Summation During Backward Visual Masking* |
| Q44011319 | Temporal Summation Phenomena at Threshold: Their Relation to Visual Mechanisms |
| Q70450749 | Temporal Summation during Dark Adaptation* |
| Q69131546 | Temporal Summation of Light by a Vertebrate Visual Receptor |
| Q71807051 | Temporal and spatial integration for electrocutaneous stimulation |
| Q72622073 | Temporal and spatial summation in the human rod visual system |
| Q61660084 | Temporal image fusion in human vision |
| Q92874840 | Temporal information loss in the macaque early visual system |
| Q72072235 | Temporal integration and segregation of brief visual stimuli: patterns of correlation in time |
| Q73022575 | Temporal integration for stereoscopic vision |
| Q34113595 | Temporal integration of movement: the time-course of motion streaks revealed by masking |
| Q56028775 | Temporal integration of optic flow, measured by contrast and coherence thresholds |
| Q47184977 | Temporal integration of stimulus increments under chromatic adaptation: effects of adaptation level, wavelength, and target size |
| Q70222317 | Temporal integration of the π1/ π3 pathway in normal and dichromatic vision |
| Q73008851 | Temporal recruitment along the trajectory of moving objects and the perception of position |
| Q67345989 | Temporal summation in a photoreceptor: Dependence on response magnitude |
| Q72719785 | Temporal summation in an acuity task at different energy levels-a study of the determinants of summation |
| Q35063014 | Temporal summation in children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity |
| Q67333813 | Temporal summation in human vision: simple reaction time measurements |
| Q79751068 | The contrast sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells of the cat |
| Q66941430 | The critical duration of temporal summation in the human central fovea |
| Q40661457 | The effect of area on the critical flicker threshold |
| Q64214152 | The effect of stimulus duration on the persistence of gratings |
| Q66963159 | The effect of the shape of the stimulus on spatial summation at the fovea |
| Q79611265 | The effect upon the rod threshold of bleaching neighbouring rods |
| Q83463851 | The effects of aging on contour discrimination in clutter |
| Q69521768 | The effects of edge sharpness and exposure duration on detection threshold |
| Q67345986 | The effects of target orientation on threshold during early dark adaptation |
| Q41520177 | The independence of the temporal integration properties of individual chromatic mechanisms in the human eye |
| Q67446886 | The influence of adaptation and field area on the exponents of Stevens' power functions at the light reaction of human pupil |
| Q71799534 | The influence of rod light and dark adaptation upon rod-cone interaction |
| Q70627441 | The influence of temporal frequency and adaptation level on receptive field organization of retinal ganglion cells in cat |
| Q52421446 | The information capacity of visual attention |
| Q41954683 | The integration window for shape cues is a function of ambient illumination |
| Q30439730 | The limits of deliberation in a perceptual decision task |
| Q44273076 | The luminance difference threshold as a contrast threshold: Evidence for inhibitory interactions in spatial summation |
| Q41059746 | The nature of the pi1 colour mechanism of W.S. Stiles |
| Q38817429 | The neural retina in retinopathy of prematurity |
| Q30528914 | The perceived position of moving objects: transcranial magnetic stimulation of area MT+ reduces the flash-lag effect |
| Q69715523 | The perception of moving comets at high retinal illuminance levels: a rod-cone interaction effect |
| Q31881685 | The persistence of position |
| Q83879311 | The psychophysics of detecting binocular discrepancies of luminance |
| Q72644929 | The receptive fields of the retina |
| Q79404141 | The relationship of visual threshold to retinal position and area |
| Q50924396 | The representation of complex images in spatial frequency domains of primary visual cortex. |
| Q34492207 | The representation of perceived angular size in human primary visual cortex |
| Q50076008 | The role of top-down knowledge about environmental context in egocentric distance judgments |
| Q47439427 | The shape and size of crowding for moving targets |
| Q65000999 | The time course of temporal summation |
| Q71646683 | The visibility of transient changes of luminance |
| Q53018074 | Three factors limiting the reliable detection of light by retinal ganglion cells of the cat |
| Q44861597 | Threshold setting by the surround of cat retinal ganglion cells |
| Q35741685 | Threshold units: a correct metric for reaction time? |
| Q104570493 | Threshold vision under full-field stimulation: Revisiting the minimum number of quanta necessary to evoke a visual sensation |
| Q70477055 | Threshold, temporal summation and impulse-response function in the cat retina: temporal receptive fields of ganglion cells |
| Q39134125 | Thresholds and noise limitations of colour vision in dim light. |
| Q37943973 | Time courses in visual-information processing: some theoretical considerations. |
| Q66988614 | Unique hues are not invariant with brief stimulus durations |
| Q45039666 | Using the kinetic Zollner illusion to quantify the interaction between form and motion information in depth. |
| Q95784111 | Variation of the visual threshold with retinal location |
| Q50643328 | Very-long-term chromatic adaptation: test of gain theory and a new method. |
| Q42783780 | Violation of Bloch's Law that specifies reciprocity of intensity and duration with brief light flashes |
| Q67479929 | Visible Persistence is Reduced by Fixed-Trajectory Motion but Not by Random Motion |
| Q28082221 | Vision under mesopic and scotopic illumination |
| Q58939476 | Visual Spatial and Temporal Summation |
| Q71092384 | Visual detection and resolution as a function of adaptation and glare |
| Q79185599 | Visual reaction time: neural conditions for the equivalence of stimulus area and contrast |
| Q46458476 | Visual transduction in human rod photoreceptors |
| Q36410458 | Weber and noise adaptation in the retina of the toad Bufo marinus |
| Q52336935 | Zero frequency masking and a model of contrast sensitivity |
| Q78604410 | [The minimum flux of energy detectable by the human eye] |
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