The Optimal Balance between Size and Number of Offspring

article published in 1974

The Optimal Balance between Size and Number of Offspring is …
instance of (P31):
scholarly articleQ13442814

External links are
P356DOI10.1086/282929

P2093author name stringStephen D. Fretwell
Christopher C. Smith
P433issue962
P304page(s)499-506
P577publication date1974-07-01
P1433published inThe American NaturalistQ3085258
P1476titleThe Optimal Balance between Size and Number of Offspring
P478volume108

Reverse relations

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Q46460175Post-hatching parental care masks the effects of egg size on offspring fitness: a removal experiment on burying beetles.
Q36318439Pre-breeding food restriction promotes the optimization of parental investment in house mice, Mus musculus
Q36652258Predator-induced renesting and reproductive effort in indigo buntings: more work for less pay?
Q57134743Predators modify the temperature dependence of life-history trade-offs
Q30559362Predicting dispersal distance in mammals: a trait-based approach.
Q51434690Predicting trait values and measuring selection in complex life histories: reproductive allocation decisions in Soay sheep.
Q41035320Propagule size and parental care: The “safe harbor” hypothesis
Q57039287Propagule size effects across multiple life-history stages in a marine invertebrate
Q30601877Proximate weather patterns and spring green-up phenology effect Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) body mass and reproductive success: the implications of climate change and topography
Q51534649Quantifying the life-history response to increased male exposure in female Drosophila melanogaster.
Q36284444Quantitative genetics of costly neonatal sexual size dimorphism in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis).
Q59117577Queen–worker caste ratio depends on colony size in the pharaoh ant (Monomorium pharaonis)
Q28651195Reassessing breeding investment in birds: class-wide analysis of clutch volume reveals a single outlying family
Q45805531Recurrent violations of invariant rules for offspring size: evidence from turtles and the implications for small clutch size models
Q49150276Relationship between fluctuating asymmetry and fitness within and between stressed and unstressed populations of the wolf spider Pirata piraticus
Q45912244Relationships between intra-specific variation in seed size and recruitment in four species in two contrasting habitats.
Q58242398Relationships of maternal body size and morphology with egg and clutch size in the diamondback terrapin,Malaclemys terrapin(Testudines: Emydidae)
Q44245947Relative effects of maternal and juvenile food availability for a marine snail.
Q38922776Repeatability and heritability of reproductive traits in free-ranging snakes.
Q35816158Reproduction in Risky Environments: The Role of Invasive Egg Predators in Ladybird Laying Strategies
Q60568668Reproductive Strategies
Q46466295Reproductive biology and feeding habits of the prickly dogfish Oxynotus bruniensis
Q100944051Reproductive compensation in female Palaemonetes argentinus (Decapoda: Natantia) due to Microphallus szidati (Trematoda) infection
Q56935496Reproductive ecology of a tropical natricine snake, Tropidonophis mairii (Colubridae)
Q36857662Reproductive flexibility: genetic variation, genetic costs and long-term evolution in a collembola
Q38568961Reproductive mode and the shifting arenas of evolutionary conflict
Q47804987Reproductive senescence: new perspectives in the wild
Q38430428Residual yolk energetics and postnatal shell growth in Smooth Softshell Turtles, Apalone mutica
Q47211324SEED SIZE VARIABILITY: A CONSEQUENCE OF VARIABLE GENETIC QUALITY AMONG OFFSPRING?
Q47291106SEX RATIO, BODY SIZE AND SEASONALITY IN A SOLITARY BEE, OSMIA LIGNARIA PROPINQUA CRESSON (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE).
Q38753163SEXUAL SELECTION ON BODY SIZE AND SHAPE IN THE WESTERN HARVESTER ANT, POGONOMYRMEX OCCIDENTALIS CRESSON.
Q38753213SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM AND SELECTION IN THE WILD IN THE WATERSTRIDER AQUARIUS REMIGIS: LIFETIME FECUNDITY SELECTION ON FEMALE TOTAL LENGTH AND ITS COMPONENTS.
Q58073840STAGES AND SPATIAL SCALES OF RECRUITMENT LIMITATION IN SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN FORESTS
Q57947393Scientism, sexism and sociobiology: One more link in the chain
Q58396421Seed addition experiments are more likely to increase recruitment in larger-seeded species
Q90210275Seed mass diversity along resource gradients: the role of allometric growth rate and size-asymmetric competition
Q57140738Seed mass, seedling size and neotropical tree seedling establishment
Q56501693Seed number and environmental conditions do not explain seed size variability for the invasive herb Lupinus polyphyllus
Q57239224Seed size and survival in the soil in arid Australia
Q24674147Seed size variability: from carob to carats
Q35390813Seed weight and germination behavior of the submerged plant Potamogeton pectinatus in the arid zone of northwest China
Q40018352Selection and constraints on offspring size-number trade-offs in sand lizards (Lacerta agilis).
Q38441697Selection for increased allocation to offspring number under environmental unpredictability
Q47333397Selection on body size and sexual size dimorphism differs between host species in a seed-feeding beetle
Q36255132Selection on parental performance opposes selection for larger body mass in a wild population of blue tits
Q51890933Selective embryo abortion in a perennial tree-legume: a case for maternal advantage of reduced seed number per fruit.
Q59093658Selfish genes, evolutionary games and the adaptiveness of behaviour
Q28601909Selfish mothers indeed! Resource-dependent conflict over extended parental care in free-ranging dogs
Q47409414Separating parental environment from seed size effects on next generation growth and development in Arabidopsis
Q51538783Sex allocation in haplodiploids is mediated by egg size: evidence in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch.
Q116337722Sexual Dimorphism and Female Reproduction in the Many-Lined Sun Skink (Mabuya multifasciata) from China
Q59070071Sexual conflict reduces offspring fitness in zebra finches
Q35972281Sexual shape dimorphism accelerated by male-male competition, but not prevented by sex-indiscriminate parental care in dung beetles (Scarabaeidae).
Q48096731Should mothers provision their offspring equally? A manipulative field test
Q35944644Sibling Competition & Growth Tradeoffs. Biological vs. Statistical Significance
Q46044758Size-fecundity relationships, growth trajectories, and the temperature-size rule for ectotherms
Q47435476Size-number trade-off and optimal offspring size for offspring produced sequentially using a fixed amount of reserves
Q38933238Social bet-hedging in vampire bats
Q47424049Social polyandry, parental investment, sexual selection, and evolution of reduced female gamete size
Q68660510Some evolutionary properties of parental investment per offspring in a heterogeneous environment
Q104282998Spatial and environmental effects on Coho Salmon life history trait variation
Q39656084Spatial variation in egg size and egg number reflects trade-offs and bet-hedging in a freshwater fish.
Q46694467Species-abundance--seed-size patterns within a plant community affected by grazing disturbance
Q34159144Sperm limitation in the sea.
Q56669872Squeezing out the last egg-annual fish increase reproductive efforts in response to a predation threat
Q40990597State-dependent life histories
Q35915053Strategies of offspring investment and dispersal in a spatially structured environment: a theoretical study using ants
Q36904961Strong natural selection during plant restoration favors an unexpected suite of plant traits
Q34199295Support for maternal manipulation of developmental nutrition in a facultatively eusocial bee, Megalopta genalis (Halictidae)
Q51439773Survival costs of reproduction predict age-dependent variation in maternal investment.
Q47178932Synergistic effects of parental and embryonic exposure to predation risk on prey offspring size at emergence
Q44632047THE EVOLUTION OF MATERNAL INVESTMENT IN LIZARDS: AN EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EGG SIZE AND ITS EFFECTS ON OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE.
Q38753159THE EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS OF AN ADAPTIVE MATERNAL EFFECT: EGG SIZE PLASTICITY IN A SEED BEETLE.
Q36386725THE IMPLICATIONS OF OVUM SIZE VARIABILITY FOR OFFSPRING FITNESS AND CLUTCH SIZE WITHIN SEVERAL POPULATIONS OF SALAMANDERS (AMBYSTOMA).
Q38753232TIMING OF PARTURITION AS A MATERNAL CARE TACTIC IN AN ALPINE LIZARD SPECIES.
Q64095806TNFα is responsible for the canonical offspring number-size trade-off
Q89865949Task allocation in a cooperative society: specialized castes or age-dependent switching among ant workers
Q36006912Testing for Local Adaptation to Spawning Habitat in Sympatric Subpopulations of Pike by Reciprocal Translocation of Embryos
Q90811972Testing the competition-colonization trade-off and its correlations with functional trait variations among subtropical tree species
Q58556283Testing the effects of genetic crossing distance on embryo survival within a metapopulation of brown trout (Salmo trutta)
Q39318370The Effect of Orobanche crenata Infection Severity in Faba Bean, Field Pea, and Grass Pea Productivity.
Q28596525The Evolution of Diapsid Reproductive Strategy with Inferences about Extinct Taxa
Q58775977The Importance of Egg Size and Social Effects for Behaviour of Arctic Charr Juveniles
Q28602334The Influence of Diet Composition on Fitness of the Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus
Q36781129The adaptive significance of population differentiation in offspring size of the least killifish, Heterandria formosa
Q47300704The causes and consequences of variation in offspring size: a case study using Daphnia
Q40165877The cost of reproduction induced by body size at birth and breeding density
Q33808837The cost of sex: quantifying energetic investment in gamete production by males and females
Q46413698The demographic transition: are we any closer to an evolutionary explanation?
Q33502215The effect of growth conditions on the seed size/number trade-off
Q45231971The effect of parity on morphological evolution among phrynosomatid lizards
Q30765768The effect of temperature on reproduction in the summer and winter annual Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes Bur and Cvi
Q33633899The evolution of different maternal investment strategies in two closely related desert vertebrates
Q58929679The evolution of expenditure on testes
Q37904445The evolution of human parental care and recruitment of juvenile help
Q47352327The evolution of offspring size and number: a test of the Smith-Fretwell model in three species of crickets
Q51609156The evolution of parental care in stochastic environments.
Q45934304The evolution of trade-offs: geographic variation in call duration and flight ability in the sand cricket, Gryllus firmus.
Q36970986The evolutionary ecology of offspring size in marine invertebrates.
Q27330078The evolutionary puzzle of egg size, oxygenation and parental care in aquatic environments
Q38402947The mean and variance of climate change in the oceans: hidden evolutionary potential under stochastic environmental variability in marine sticklebacks.
Q57431605The offspring size/fecundity trade-off and female fitness in the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana, Poeciliidae)
Q33361326The positive correlation between maternal size and offspring size: fitting pieces of a life-history puzzle
Q44116183The predictability and magnitude of life-history divergence to ecological agents of selection: a meta-analysis in livebearing fishes
Q58298933The problem of resource accrual and reproduction in modern human populations remains an unsolved evolutionary puzzle
Q35061160The rate-size trade-off structures intraspecific variation in Daphnia ambigua life history parameters
Q33800072The relationship between early growth and survival of hatchling saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) in captivity
Q47372698The relationship between female body size and egg size in pipefishes
Q51615398The relationship between maternal phenotype and offspring quality: do older mothers really produce the best offspring?
Q46104366The relationship between offspring size and fitness: integrating theory and empiricism.
Q41201781The relationship between ovarioles number and female size in blackflies of the high Andes of Colombia.
Q45323559The relationship between phenotypic variation among offspring and mother body mass in wild boar: evidence of coin-flipping?
Q48094737The role of maternal age and context-dependent maternal effects in the offspring provisioning of a long-lived marine teleost.
Q39561559The role of the tolerance-fecundity trade-off in maintaining intraspecific seed trait variation in a widespread dimorphic herb.
Q46956910The subtle intracapsular survival of the fittest: maternal investment, sibling conflict, or environmental effects?
Q33733154The tolerance-fecundity trade-off and the maintenance of diversity in seed size
Q37740305The trade-off between fecundity and egg size in a polymorphic population of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) in Skogsfjordvatn, subarctic Norway
Q46354857Time-limited environments affect the evolution of egg-body size allometry.
Q35393126Trait differences between naturalized and invasive plant species independent of residence time and phylogeny
Q39024635Trait shifts associated with the subshrub life-history strategy in a tropical savanna.
Q34890074Trait-based tests of coexistence mechanisms.
Q57046376Traits and ecological strategies of Australian tropical and temperate climbing plants
Q88867727Transgenerational effects of maternal sexual interactions in seed beetles
Q50525232Transgenerational effects of nutrition are different for sons and daughters.
Q34168306Transgenerational effects of parental larval diet on offspring development time, adult body size and pathogen resistance in Drosophila melanogaster
Q39572276Tree-to-tree variation in seed size and its consequences for seed dispersal versus predation by rodents
Q60231147Twice every second year: reproduction in the pig-nosed turtle, Carettochelys insculpta, in the wet–dry tropics of Australia
Q91155459Understanding reproductive allometry in turtles: A slippery "slope"
Q47279535Unexpected seasonal variation in offspring size and performance in a viviparous ectoparasite
Q47444428VARIATION IN POLLEN SIZE, FERTILIZATION ABILITY, AND POSTFERTILIZATION SIRING ABILITY IN ERYTHRONIUM GRANDIFLORUM.
Q89828739Variation in individual reproductive performance amplified with population size in a long-lived carnivore
Q43760795Variation in offspring size with birth order in placental fish: a role for asymmetric sibling competition?
Q46402816Variation in seed packaging of a fleshy-fruited conifer provides insights into the ecology and evolution of multi-seeded fruits.
Q73357501Variation in seed traits of Lobelia inflata (Campanulaceae): sources and fitness consequences
Q37083482Variation of Reproductive Traits and Female Body Size in the Most Widely-Ranging Terrestrial Reptile: Testing the Effects of Reproductive Mode, Lineage, and Climate.
Q99962843Viviparity and the reproductive ecology of clinid fishes (Clinidae) from temperate Australian waters
Q47177462WHY ARE THERE SO MANY SPECIES OF BROODING ANTARCTIC ECHINOIDS?
Q52885271We were all young once: an intragenomic perspective on parent-offspring conflict.
Q45228189Well wrapped eggs: effects of egg shell structure on heat resistance and hatchling mass in the invasive land snail Cornu aspersum.
Q37155988When to rely on maternal effects and when on phenotypic plasticity?
Q38978611Why did heterospory evolve?
Q37308099Why do female mice mate with multiple males?
Q39135858Why do larger mothers produce larger offspring? A test of classic theory.
Q52664038Why does a grasshopper have fewer, larger offspring at its range limits?
Q53719071Why does offspring size affect performance? Integrating metabolic scaling with life-history theory.
Q58143371Why reduce clutch size to one or two eggs? Reproductive allometries reveal different evolutionary causes of invariant clutch size in lizards
Q47680142Why what juveniles do matters in the evolution of cooperative breeding
Q39623766Widespread reproductive variation in North American turtles: temperature, egg size and optimality
Q30398974Young male mating success is associated with sperm number but not with male sex pheromone titres

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