Activation of human monocytes by live Borrelia burgdorferi generates TLR2-dependent and -independent responses which include induction of IFN-beta

scientific article

Activation of human monocytes by live Borrelia burgdorferi generates TLR2-dependent and -independent responses which include induction of IFN-beta is …
instance of (P31):
scholarly articleQ13442814

External links are
P356DOI10.1371/JOURNAL.PPAT.1000444
P932PMC publication ID2679197
P698PubMed publication ID19461888
P5875ResearchGate publication ID24445978

P2093author name stringJustin D Radolf
Melissa J Caimano
Carson La Vake
Juan C Salazar
Jonathan Shupe
Meagan W Moore
Winfried Krueger
Adriana R Cruz
Leonor Velez-Climent
Star Duhnam-Ems
P2860cites workFunctional association of Nmi with Stat5 and Stat1 in IL-2- and IFNgamma-mediated signalingQ22001449
Host defense mechanisms triggered by microbial lipoproteins through toll-like receptorsQ22010442
Cell activation and apoptosis by bacterial lipoproteins through toll-like receptor-2Q22010443
Genomic sequence of a Lyme disease spirochaete, Borrelia burgdorferiQ22122357
Human Phagocytic Cells in the Early Innate Immune Response toBorrelia burgdorferiQ58424640
Identification of loci critical for replication and compatibility of a Borrelia burgdorferi cp32 plasmid and use of a cp32-based shuttle vector for the expression of fluorescent reporters in the Lyme disease spirochaeteQ59505762
Interleukin-10 inhibits proinflammatory activation of endothelium in response to Borrelia burgdorferi or lipopolysaccharide but not interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alphaQ74770022
Toll-like receptor 2 is required for innate, but not acquired, host defense to Borrelia burgdorferiQ77373954
Activation of human monocytic cells by Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum is facilitated by CD14 and correlates with surface exposure of spirochetal lipoproteinsQ78102980
Gene expression profiling reveals unique pathways associated with differential severity of lyme arthritisQ79370194
TLR signalingQ79715393
Identification of a TLR-independent pathway for Borrelia burgdorferi-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases and inflammatory mediators through binding to integrin alpha 3 beta 1Q79755060
Higher mRNA levels of chemokines and cytokines associated with macrophage activation in erythema migrans skin lesions in patients from the United States than in patients from Austria with Lyme borreliosisQ80435263
Signaling through CD14 attenuates the inflammatory response to Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme diseaseQ81300414
Borrelia burgdorferi lipoprotein-mediated TLR2 stimulation causes the down-regulation of TLR5 in human monocytesQ82556790
The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens.Q40919510
Cutting edge: inflammatory signaling by Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins is mediated by toll-like receptor 2.Q40934710
Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins and synthetic lipopeptides activate monocytic cells via a CD14-dependent pathway distinct from that used by lipopolysaccharide.Q41038940
Fc- and non-Fc-mediated phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi by macrophagesQ41438158
Phagocytic cell responses to in vivo and in vitro exposure to the Lyme disease spirochete.Q41531578
Recruitment of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in Lyme carditisQ42063094
Mathematical formulae for the prediction of the residual beta cell function during the first two years of disease in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitusQ42521348
Toll-like receptor 2 plays a pivotal role in host defense and inflammatory response to Borrelia burgdorferiQ43216820
Coevolution of markers of innate and adaptive immunity in skin and peripheral blood of patients with erythema migransQ45113847
IL-6 induces an anti-inflammatory response in the absence of SOCS3 in macrophagesQ46376203
Lipopolysaccharide and double-stranded RNA up-regulate toll-like receptor 2 independently of myeloid differentiation factor 88.Q47364199
Impaired host defense to infection and Toll-like receptor 2-independent killing of Borrelia burgdorferi clinical isolates in TLR2-deficient C3H/HeJ miceQ48029801
The role of CD14 in signaling mediated by outer membrane lipoproteins of Borrelia burgdorferi.Q48032295
FXYD6 is a novel regulator of Na,K-ATPase expressed in the inner ear.Q50640454
Susceptibility to experimental Lyme arthritis correlates with KC and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in joints and requires neutrophil recruitment via CXCR2.Q53924565
Toll-like receptor 2 functions as a pattern recognition receptor for diverse bacterial products.Q55033421
The inflammasome--a linebacker of innate defense.Q55042326
Type I IFN Induction in Response to Listeria monocytogenes in Human Macrophages: Evidence for a Differential Activation of IFN Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3)Q57258283
The emergence of Lyme diseaseQ22241895
The Clinical Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention of Lyme Disease, Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, and Babesiosis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaQ22242935
A Critical Appraisal of “Chronic Lyme Disease”Q22248114
Two Controlled Trials of Antibiotic Treatment in Patients with Persistent Symptoms and a History of Lyme DiseaseQ22250903
Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-beta (TRIF) associates with TNF receptor-associated factor 6 and TANK-binding kinase 1, and activates two distinct transcription factors, NF-kappa B and IFN-regulatory factor-3...Q24297037
Silica crystals and aluminum salts activate the NALP3 inflammasome through phagosomal destabilizationQ24631966
ISG15 inhibits Nedd4 ubiquitin E3 activity and enhances the innate antiviral responseQ24648592
Role of the caspase-1 inflammasome in Salmonella typhimurium pathogenesisQ24676746
Flagellin-deficient Legionella mutants evade caspase-1- and Naip5-mediated macrophage immunityQ25257710
Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT MethodQ25938999
Pathogen recognition and innate immunityQ27861084
UBP43 (USP18) specifically removes ISG15 from conjugated proteinsQ27863712
HERC5 is an IFN-induced HECT-type E3 protein ligase that mediates type I IFN-induced ISGylation of protein targetsQ27863927
Interferon-alpha induction through Toll-like receptors involves a direct interaction of IRF7 with MyD88 and TRAF6Q28115232
Galectin-9 induces apoptosis through the calcium-calpain-caspase-1 pathwayQ28184967
The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5Q28185796
Clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of early Lyme disease in patients with microbiologically confirmed erythema migransQ28207826
Galectin-9 in physiological and pathological conditionsQ28242034
Legionella pneumophila induces IFNbeta in lung epithelial cells via IPS-1 and IRF3, which also control bacterial replicationQ28264386
The fate of Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent for Lyme disease, in mouse macrophages. Destruction, survival, recoveryQ28265492
Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATPQ28291313
TLR signalingQ28291637
High levels of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines in joint fluid and synovial tissue throughout the course of antibiotic-refractory lyme arthritisQ28295579
Toll-like receptors in innate immunityQ28297257
Cytoplasmic flagellin activates caspase-1 and secretion of interleukin 1beta via IpafQ28506503
IRF-7 is the master regulator of type-I interferon-dependent immune responsesQ28511410
The repertoire for pattern recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system is defined by cooperation between toll-like receptorsQ28512624
Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNAQ28513215
CC chemokine receptor (CCR)2 is required for langerhans cell migration and localization of T helper cell type 1 (Th1)-inducing dendritic cells. Absence of CCR2 shifts the Leishmania major-resistant phenotype to a susceptible state dominated by Th2 cQ28588634
Hyporesponsiveness to vaccination with Borrelia burgdorferi OspA in humans and in TLR1- and TLR2-deficient miceQ28589323
CS1, a novel member of the CD2 family, is homophilic and regulates NK cell functionQ28610399
Statistical issues in the analysis of Illumina dataQ31145644
Induction of host matrix metalloproteinases by Borrelia burgdorferi differs in human and murine lyme arthritisQ33559321
Gene expression profiling provides insights into the pathways involved in inflammatory arthritis development: murine model of Lyme diseaseQ36932486
Immunogenic integral membrane proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi are lipoproteinsQ36979610
Absence of lipopolysaccharide in the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferiQ37023391
TLR-independent type I interferon induction in response to an extracellular bacterial pathogen via intracellular recognition of its DNA.Q37055696
Live Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes elicit inflammatory mediators from human monocytes via the Toll-like receptor signaling pathwayQ37099483
Colony-stimulating factors in inflammation and autoimmunity.Q37190439
Novel functions of type I interferons revealed by infection studies with Listeria monocytogenesQ37300269
Chlamydia trachomatis induces expression of IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 and IFN-beta independent of TLR2 and TLR4, but largely dependent on MyD88.Q37864561
Endosomal translocation of vertebrate DNA activates dendritic cells via TLR9-dependent and -independent pathwaysQ38326606
The cutaneous response in humans to Treponema pallidum lipoprotein analogues involves cellular elements of both innate and adaptive immunityQ39445167
Coiling phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi by primary human macrophages is controlled by CDC42Hs and Rac1 and involves recruitment of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and Arp2/3 complex.Q39518901
Entry of Borrelia burgdorferi into macrophages is end-on and leads to degradation in lysosomes.Q39825549
Substrate-assisted catalysis by PARP10 limits its activity to mono-ADP-ribosylation.Q39929975
Systematic analysis highlights the key role of TLR2/NF-kappaB/MAP kinase signaling for IL-8 induction by macrophage-like THP-1 cells under influence of Borrelia burgdorferi lysatesQ39969494
Group A streptococcus activates type I interferon production and MyD88-dependent signaling without involvement of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9.Q40088398
Borrelia burgdorferi-induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in vivo and in vitroQ40136192
Toll-like receptor 2 stimulation decreases IFN-gamma receptor expression in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages.Q40463193
Surface-expressed TLR6 participates in the recognition of diacylated lipopeptide and peptidoglycan in human cells.Q40468243
Selective induction of matrix metalloproteinases by Borrelia burgdorferi via toll-like receptor 2 in monocytesQ40602706
Lyme disease: an infectious and postinfectious syndrome.Q40658790
TLR4, but not TLR2, mediates IFN-beta-induced STAT1alpha/beta-dependent gene expression in macrophages.Q40744508
Adjuvanticity of alpha 2-macroglobulin, an independent ligand for the heat shock protein receptor CD91.Q40814396
Myeloid differentiation antigen 88 deficiency impairs pathogen clearance but does not alter inflammation in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected miceQ40883190
The decrease in FlaA observed in a flaB mutant of Borrelia burgdorferi occurs posttranscriptionallyQ40902114
CD69 and regulation of the immune functionQ33721814
The role of IL-18 in innate immunityQ33840486
Lipoprotein-dependent and -independent immune responses to spirochetal infectionQ33910726
Cloning and characterization of a sub-family of human toll-like receptors: hTLR7, hTLR8 and hTLR9.Q33920505
The inflammasome: first line of the immune response to cell stressQ33998873
Induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins in monocytes is mediated by CD14.Q33999925
Dual role of interleukin-10 in murine Lyme disease: regulation of arthritis severity and host defenseQ34002053
Borrelia spirochetes upregulate release and activation of matrix metalloproteinase gelatinase B (MMP-9) and collagenase 1 (MMP-1) in human cellsQ34005707
Type II phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta is a cytosolic and peripheral membrane protein that is recruited to the plasma membrane and activated by Rac-GTP.Q34151690
Regulatory effect of IFN-kappa, a novel type I IFN, on cytokine production by cells of the innate immune systemQ34155484
Innate recognition of bacteria by a macrophage cytosolic surveillance pathwayQ34161941
Internalization and phagosome escape required for Francisella to induce human monocyte IL-1beta processing and releaseQ34248184
Coiling phagocytosis is the preferential phagocytic mechanism for Borrelia burgdorferiQ34253912
Structure of the gene coding for the human early lymphocyte activation antigen CD69: a C-type lectin receptor evolutionarily related with the gene families of natural killer cell-specific receptors.Q34329913
A critical role for type I IFN in arthritis development following Borrelia burgdorferi infection of miceQ34509748
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases in immunity: lessons from knockout miceQ34583734
The Borrelia burgdorferi flagellum-associated 41-kilodalton antigen (flagellin): molecular cloning, expression, and amplification of the geneQ34587843
The tetraspanin CD63/lamp3 cycles between endocytic and secretory compartments in human endothelial cellsQ34714968
PI3K and negative regulation of TLR signaling.Q35177702
Dermal inflammation elicited by synthetic analogs of Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins.Q35403982
Characterization of outer membranes isolated from Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease spirocheteQ35415911
Activation of human monocytic cells by Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins and synthetic lipopeptides proceeds via a pathway distinct from that of lipopolysaccharide but involves the transcriptional activator NF-kappa B.Q35519550
Phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum potentiates innate immune activation and induces gamma interferon productionQ35783879
Collaborative induction of inflammatory responses by dectin-1 and Toll-like receptor 2.Q36370968
Differential constitutive and cytokine-modulated expression of human Toll-like receptors in primary neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophagesQ36389463
Phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme disease spirochete, potentiates innate immune activation and induces apoptosis in human monocytesQ36422052
Monarch-1/PYPAF7 and other CATERPILLER (CLR, NOD, NLR) proteins with negative regulatory functionsQ36453716
Distinct roles for MyD88 and Toll-like receptors 2, 5, and 9 in phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi and cytokine inductionQ36710716
ATP is released by monocytes stimulated with pathogen-sensing receptor ligands and induces IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion in an autocrine wayQ36725685
Signalling and phagocytosis in the orchestration of host defenceQ36729670
Francisella tularensis: activation of the inflammasomeQ36774974
Toll-like receptors: insights into their possible role in the pathogenesis of lyme neuroborreliosisQ36898485
STAT dynamicsQ36904067
P275copyright licenseCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationalQ20007257
P6216copyright statuscopyrightedQ50423863
P4510describes a project that usesImageJQ1659584
P433issue5
P921main subjecttoll-like receptorQ408004
Borrelia burgdorferiQ2723634
P304page(s)e1000444
P577publication date2009-05-22
P1433published inPLOS PathogensQ283209
P1476titleActivation of human monocytes by live Borrelia burgdorferi generates TLR2-dependent and -independent responses which include induction of IFN-beta
P478volume5

Reverse relations

cites work (P2860)
Q92598688A joint effort: The interplay between the innate and the adaptive immune system in Lyme arthritis
Q55133030A multi-omic analysis reveals the regulatory role of CD180 during the response of macrophages to Borrelia burgdorferi.
Q39876937ARTD10 substrate identification on protein microarrays: regulation of GSK3β by mono-ADP-ribosylation.
Q38981732Actin-Dependent Regulation of Borrelia burgdorferi Phagocytosis by Macrophages
Q38831257Adaptor Protein-3-Mediated Trafficking of TLR2 Ligands Controls Specificity of Inflammatory Responses but Not Adaptor Complex Assembly
Q42139219Association of a Toll-like receptor 1 polymorphism with heightened Th1 inflammatory responses and antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis
Q36151249Borrelia burgdorferi Induces TLR2-Mediated Migration of Activated Dendritic Cells in an Ex Vivo Human Skin Model
Q33603081Borrelia burgdorferi RNA induces type I and III interferons via Toll-like receptor 7 and contributes to production of NF-κB-dependent cytokines
Q35075892Borrelia burgdorferi elicited-IL-10 suppresses the production of inflammatory mediators, phagocytosis, and expression of co-stimulatory receptors by murine macrophages and/or dendritic cells
Q35950343Borrelia burgdorferi induces a type I interferon response during early stages of disseminated infection in mice
Q42722151Borrelia burgdorferi infection regulates CD1 expression in human cells and tissues via IL1-β.
Q34346191Borrelia burgdorferi stimulation of chemokine secretion by cells of monocyte lineage in patients with Lyme arthritis
Q35858600Broad diversity of host responses of the white-footed mouse Peromyscus leucopus to Borrelia infection and antigens
Q28257106CD14 cooperates with complement receptor 3 to mediate MyD88-independent phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi
Q33518472CD14 signaling restrains chronic inflammation through induction of p38-MAPK/SOCS-dependent tolerance
Q42138150CD14 targets complement receptor 3 to lipid rafts during phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi
Q34544054Characterization and Genetic Analyses of New Genes Coding for NOD2 Interacting Proteins
Q41594433Cutaneous Lyme borreliosis: Guideline of the German Dermatology Society
Q34424975Different patterns of expression and of IL-10 modulation of inflammatory mediators from macrophages of Lyme disease-resistant and -susceptible mice
Q33736332Dual role for Fcγ receptors in host defense and disease in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice
Q33728489Early production of IL-22 but not IL-17 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to live Borrelia burgdorferi: the role of monocytes and interleukin-1.
Q47607973Effect of tick saliva on signalling pathways activated by TLR-2 ligand and Borrelia afzelii in dendritic cells
Q42108192Endothelial cells and fibroblasts amplify the arthritogenic type I IFN response in murine Lyme disease and are major sources of chemokines in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected joint tissue
Q38103617Expanding functions of intracellular resident mono-ADP-ribosylation in cell physiology
Q39413026Expression Profiles of Toll-Like Receptors in the Differentiation of an Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Spirochetes
Q39467732For Whom the Bell Tolls (and Nods): Spit-acular Saliva.
Q47684846Genetic Control of Lyme Arthritis by Borrelia burgdorferi Arthritis-Associated Locus 1 Is Dependent on Localized Differential Production of IFN-β and Requires Upregulation of Myostatin.
Q26798929Glia in the cytokine-mediated onset of depression: fine tuning the immune response
Q35139241Haemophilus ducreyi lipooligosaccharides induce expression of the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase via type I interferons and tumor necrosis factor alpha in human dendritic cells
Q104571073Host transcriptome response to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
Q37309932Human TLR8 is activated upon recognition of Borrelia burgdorferi RNA in the phagosome of human monocytes
Q42373352IFNγ Enhances CD64-Potentiated Phagocytosis of Treponema pallidum Opsonized with Human Syphilitic Serum by Human Macrophages
Q21144775Immune evasion and recognition of the syphilis spirochete in blood and skin of secondary syphilis patients: two immunologically distinct compartments
Q33827416Immunostimulation in the era of the metagenome
Q33778936Induction of type I and type III interferons by Borrelia burgdorferi correlates with pathogenesis and requires linear plasmid 36.
Q37756215Induction of type I interferons by bacteria
Q34562238Infection-induced bystander-apoptosis of monocytes is TNF-alpha-mediated
Q34426426Innate immunity networks during infection with Borrelia burgdorferi
Q40760377Interferon-α curbs production of interleukin-22 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to live Borrelia burgdorferi
Q35598063Interleukin-10 alters effector functions of multiple genes induced by Borrelia burgdorferi in macrophages to regulate Lyme disease inflammation
Q34739867Invasion of eukaryotic cells by Borrelia burgdorferi requires β(1) integrins and Src kinase activity
Q58118441Investigating disease severity in an animal model of concurrent babesiosis and Lyme disease
Q34281709Involvement of TLR2 and TLR4 in cell responses to Rickettsia akari
Q57008129La borréliose de Lyme
Q38343341Lactobacillus acidophilus induces virus immune defence genes in murine dendritic cells by a Toll-like receptor-2-dependent mechanism
Q40557771Localized production of IL-10 suppresses early inflammatory cell infiltration and subsequent development of IFN-γ-mediated Lyme arthritis
Q38769321Long noncoding RNAs as regulators of Toll-like receptor signaling and innate immunity
Q92328408Lyme Disease Frontiers: Reconciling Borrelia Biology and Clinical Conundrums
Q56764150Lyme borreliosis
Q36784433Matrix metalloproteinase-10 is a target of T and B cell responses that correlate with synovial pathology in patients with antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis
Q28087160Mechanisms of Borrelia burgdorferi internalization and intracellular innate immune signaling
Q39661279Method of bacterial killing differentially affects the human innate immune response to Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Q33812777MicroRNA-146a provides feedback regulation of lyme arthritis but not carditis during infection with Borrelia burgdorferi
Q34032666Microarray analyses of inflammation response of human dermal fibroblasts to different strains of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto
Q37713237MyD88- and TRIF-independent induction of type I interferon drives naive B cell accumulation but not loss of lymph node architecture in Lyme disease
Q60046972Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in the Era of the Human Microbiome: Persistent Pathogens Drive Chronic Symptoms by Interfering With Host Metabolism, Gene Expression, and Immunity
Q35040139Mycoplasma hyorhinis activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and promotes migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells
Q33841037Nod2 suppresses Borrelia burgdorferi mediated murine Lyme arthritis and carditis through the induction of tolerance
Q26998682Phagosomal TLR signaling upon Borrelia burgdorferi infection
Q30498311Phagosomal signaling by Borrelia burgdorferi in human monocytes involves Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR8 cooperativity and TLR8-mediated induction of IFN-beta
Q43248458Pulling the trigger on lyme arthritis
Q24338265Regulation of NF-κB signalling by the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase ARTD10
Q92132984SNX3 drives maturation of Borrelia phagosomes by forming a hub for PI(3)P, Rab5a, and galectin-9
Q47339750Spirochetal Lipoproteins in Pathogenesis and Immunity
Q89526301Structure-Guided Design and In-Cell Target Profiling of a Cell-Active Target Engagement Probe for PARP Inhibitors
Q92347732TLR3 Deficiency Leads to a Dysregulation in the Global Gene-Expression Profile in Murine Oviduct Epithelial Cells Infected with Chlamydia muridarum
Q27026056TLR8: the forgotten relative revindicated
Q41844903TRIF mediates Toll-like receptor 2-dependent inflammatory responses to Borrelia burgdorferi
Q41864763The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi utilizes multiple ligands, including RNA, for interferon regulatory factor 3-dependent induction of type I interferon-responsive genes
Q38322773The Neuro-Immune Pathophysiology of Central and Peripheral Fatigue in Systemic Immune-Inflammatory and Neuro-Immune Diseases.
Q37679914The Potential of Omics Technologies in Lyme Disease Biomarker Discovery and Early Detection
Q36955934The Vitamin D Receptor, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, and Colon Cancer
Q40354602The conserved macrodomains of the non-structural proteins of Chikungunya virus and other pathogenic positive strand RNA viruses function as mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolases
Q30539638The formins FMNL1 and mDia1 regulate coiling phagocytosis of Borrelia burgdorferi by primary human macrophages
Q35739443The role of vitamin D in reducing gastrointestinal disease risk and assessment of individual dietary intake needs: Focus on genetic and genomic technologies
Q44329057Tick saliva suppresses IFN signalling in dendritic cells upon Borrelia afzelii infection
Q35621860Tick sialostatins L and L2 differentially influence dendritic cell responses to Borrelia spirochetes
Q26744045Toll-like receptor cascade and gene polymorphism in host-pathogen interaction in Lyme disease
Q47690982Treponema pallidum flagellins stimulate MMP-9 and MMP-13 expression via TLR5 and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways in human epidermal keratinocytes

Search more.