Activation of CAR and PXR by Dietary, Environmental and Occupational Chemicals Alters Drug Metabolism, Intermediary Metabolism, and Cell Proliferation

scientific article published on June 1, 2009

Activation of CAR and PXR by Dietary, Environmental and Occupational Chemicals Alters Drug Metabolism, Intermediary Metabolism, and Cell Proliferation is …
instance of (P31):
scholarly articleQ13442814

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P356DOI10.2174/187569209788654005
P953full work available at URLhttps://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2944248?pdf=render
https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2944248
https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2944248?pdf=render
https://doi.org/10.2174/187569209788654005
http://eurekaselect.com/article/download/95268
P932PMC publication ID2944248
P698PubMed publication ID20871735
P5875ResearchGate publication ID46428104

P50authorWilliam S BaldwinQ87688105
P2093author name stringJ. P. Hernandez
L. C. Mota
P2860cites workAndrostane metabolites bind to and deactivate the nuclear receptor CAR-betaQ22003994
SXR, a novel steroid and xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptorQ22003995
Reciprocal activation of xenobiotic response genes by nuclear receptors SXR/PXR and CARQ24290621
The human orphan nuclear receptor PXR is activated by compounds that regulate CYP3A4 gene expression and cause drug interactionsQ24310512
A new orphan member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that interacts with a subset of retinoic acid response elementsQ24324246
In vitro estrogenicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, hydroxylated PDBEs, and polybrominated bisphenol A compoundsQ24536725
The xenobiotic compound 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene is an agonist ligand for the nuclear receptor CARQ24554260
The orphan nuclear receptor SHP inhibits hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and retinoid X receptor transactivation: two mechanisms for repressionQ24554362
Phenobarbital-responsive nuclear translocation of the receptor CAR in induction of the CYP2B geneQ24554439
Possible involvement of pregnane X receptor-enhanced CYP24 expression in drug-induced osteomalaciaQ24558647
The nuclear receptor PXR is a lithocholic acid sensor that protects against liver toxicityQ24630723
Identification of a human nuclear receptor defines a new signaling pathway for CYP3A inductionQ24646162
Perfluorocarboxylic acids induce cytochrome P450 enzymes in mouse liver through activation of PPAR-alpha and CAR transcription factorsQ24656247
Alternatively spliced isoforms of the human constitutive androstane receptorQ24679627
St. John's wort induces hepatic drug metabolism through activation of the pregnane X receptorQ24681068
Induction of bilirubin clearance by the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR)Q24683238
Highly chlorinated PCBs inhibit the human xenobiotic response mediated by the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR).Q24810893
Evolutionary selection across the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily with a focus on the NR1I subfamily (vitamin D, pregnane X, and constitutive androstane receptors).Q24815571
The human nuclear xenobiotic receptor PXR: structural determinants of directed promiscuityQ27632611
Coactivator binding promotes the specific interaction between ligand and the pregnane X receptorQ27641809
The repressed nuclear receptor CAR responds to phenobarbital in activating the human CYP2B6 geneQ28137778
Identification of the nuclear receptor CAR:HSP90 complex in mouse liver and recruitment of protein phosphatase 2A in response to phenobarbitalQ28190299
The human pregnane X receptor: genomic structure and identification and functional characterization of natural allelic variantsQ28201500
Putative role of the orphan nuclear receptor SXR (steroid and xenobiotic receptor) in the mechanism of CYP3A4 inhibition by xenobioticsQ28205500
Modulation of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by the xenobiotic receptor CARQ28207193
Nuclear receptor response elements mediate induction of intestinal MDR1 by rifampinQ28211706
Diverse roles of the nuclear orphan receptor CAR in regulating hepatic genes in response to phenobarbitalQ28212942
What's more dangerous, your aspirin or your car? Thinking rationally about drug risks (and benefits)Q28222935
A mutation in the human canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter gene causes the Dubin-Johnson syndromeQ28240926
The orphan nuclear receptor constitutive active/androstane receptor is essential for liver tumor promotion by phenobarbital in miceQ45113151
Role of the constitutive androstane receptor in xenobiotic-induced thyroid hormone metabolismQ45162999
The nuclear xenobiotic receptor CAR: structural determinants of constitutive activation and heterodimerizationQ45195400
A structural basis for constitutive activity in the human CAR/RXRalpha heterodimerQ45195405
The natural history of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a follow-up study of forty-two patients for up to 21 yearsQ45787554
Insights into ligand-elicited activation of human constitutive androstane receptor based on novel agonists and three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationshipQ46265569
The nuclear receptor superfamily: a rosetta stone for physiologyQ46318669
Deaths: leading causes for 2002.Q46344719
Docosahexaenoic acid downregulates phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P450 2B1 gene expression in rat primary hepatocytes via the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase pathwayQ46358067
C-Myc and its target FoxM1 are critical downstream effectors of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) mediated direct liver hyperplasiaQ46362458
Discovery of substituted sulfonamides and thiazolidin-4-one derivatives as agonists of human constitutive androstane receptorQ46373371
Xenobiotic stress induces hepatomegaly and liver tumors via the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptorQ46438688
The ratio of constitutive androstane receptor to pregnane X receptor determines the activity of guggulsterone against the Cyp2b10 promoterQ46440348
Transcriptional regulation of cytochrome P450 3A4 by four kinds of traditional Chinese medicinesQ46464767
CAR and PXR agonists stimulate hepatic bile acid and bilirubin detoxification and elimination pathways in miceQ46573657
Gene profiling in the livers of wild-type and PPARalpha-null mice exposed to perfluorooctanoic acidQ46604217
Activation of constitutive androstane receptor under the effect of hepatocarcinogenic aminoazo dyes in mouse and rat liverQ46611657
Activation of the constitutive androstane receptor decreases HDL in wild-type and human apoA-I transgenic mice.Q46623064
Gadd45beta is induced through a CAR-dependent, TNF-independent pathway in murine liver hyperplasiaQ46758233
Nuclear receptor expression in fetal and pediatric liver: correlation with CYP3A expression.Q46769572
Distinct role of bilobalide and ginkgolide A in the modulation of rat CYP2B1 and CYP3A23 gene expression by Ginkgo biloba extract in cultured hepatocytesQ46781756
Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in ratsQ46788578
Effect of ergot alkaloids associated with fescue toxicosis on hepatic cytochrome P450 and antioxidant proteinsQ46803668
Regulatory cross-talk between drug metabolism and lipid homeostasis: constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor increase Insig-1 expressionQ46813713
Pregnane X receptor is essential for normal progression of liver regenerationQ46827001
Cytochrome P450 expression and regulation in CYP3A4/CYP2D6 double transgenic humanized miceQ46874554
Functional inhibitory cross-talk between constitutive androstane receptor and hepatic nuclear factor-4 in hepatic lipid/glucose metabolism is mediated by competition for binding to the DR1 motif and to the common coactivators, GRIP-1 and PGC-1alphaQ46955937
Sexually dimorphic P450 gene expression in liver-specific hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha-deficient miceQ47447915
Gender dictates the nuclear receptor-mediated regulation of CYP3A44.Q48404563
Inhibition of drug metabolism by blocking the activation of nuclear receptors by ketoconazoleQ48684324
CAR/PXR provide directives for Cyp3a41 gene regulation differently from Cyp3a11.Q44760621
The nuclear receptor CAR is a regulator of thyroid hormone metabolism during caloric restrictionQ44788639
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 is up-regulated in liver but down-regulated in kidney in obstructive cholestasis in the rat.Q44805394
Expression of constitutive androstane receptor splice variants in human tissues and their functional consequencesQ44934633
The constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor function coordinately to prevent bile acid-induced hepatotoxicityQ45052873
Synthetic drugs and natural products as modulators of constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR).Q36473477
Nuclear pregnane X receptor cross-talk with FoxA2 to mediate drug-induced regulation of lipid metabolism in fasting mouse liverQ36482946
The antiapoptotic role of pregnane X receptor in human colon cancer cellsQ36512415
Liver-specific hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha deficiency: greater impact on gene expression in male than in female mouse liver.Q36629289
Principles of hepatic organic anion transporter regulation during cholestasis, inflammation and liver regenerationQ36732805
Activation of steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR, NR1I2) and its orthologs in laboratory, toxicologic, and genome model speciesQ36755546
The role of nuclear receptors in pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions in oncologyQ36798797
Phenobarbital mechanistic data and risk assessment: enzyme induction, enhanced cell proliferation, and tumor promotionQ36831567
Human PXR forms a tryptophan zipper-mediated homodimerQ36835763
The traditional Chinese herbal remedy tian xian activates pregnane X receptor and induces CYP3A gene expression in hepatocytesQ36953154
Global liver proteomics of rats exposed for 5 days to phenobarbital identifies changes associated with cancer and with CYP metabolismQ36968714
Effects of naturally occurring coumarins on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in miceQ36980315
Pharmacogenetics of the constitutive androstane receptorQ37043505
Identification of Ginkgo biloba as a novel activator of pregnane X receptorQ37061726
Unique transcription start sites and distinct promoter regions differentiate the pregnane X receptor (PXR) isoforms PXR 1 and PXR 2.Q37085272
The roles of nuclear receptors CAR and PXR in hepatic energy metabolismQ37096480
Bioactive terpenoids and flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba extract induce the expression of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes through pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated pathwaysQ37113524
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is a highly potent agonist for the human constitutive androstane receptor splice variant CAR2.Q37168382
Nuclear xenobiotic receptor pregnane X receptor locks corepressor silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT) onto the CYP24A1 promoter to attenuate vitamin D3 activationQ37199090
A concentration addition model for the activation of the constitutive androstane receptor by xenobiotic mixturesQ37327104
Nuclear receptors CAR and PXR cross talk with FOXO1 to regulate genes that encode drug-metabolizing and gluconeogenic enzymesQ37493137
Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 interacts with pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor and represses their target genesQ38292762
Intestinal and hepatic CYP3A4 catalyze hydroxylation of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3): implications for drug-induced osteomalaciaQ38320243
Interactions between hepatic Mrp4 and Sult2a as revealed by the constitutive androstane receptor and Mrp4 knockout miceQ38343998
The nuclear receptor CAR (NR1I3) regulates serum triglyceride levels under conditions of metabolic stressQ38359844
Effects of dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid hormone status of pregnant women and their infantsQ39383899
PXR-mediated transcriptional activation of CYP3A4 by cryptotanshinone and tanshinone IIA.Q39937718
Unsaturated fatty acid regulation of cytochrome P450 expression via a CAR-dependent pathway.Q39942098
Expression of CAR in SW480 and HepG2 cells during G1 is associated with cell proliferationQ40003866
Stigmasterol, a soy lipid-derived phytosterol, is an antagonist of the bile acid nuclear receptor FXR.Q40108919
Differential regulation of constitutive androstane receptor expression by hepatocyte nuclear factor4alpha isoformsQ40140191
Phenobarbital suppresses vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase expression: a potential new mechanism for drug-induced osteomalaciaQ40143725
Estrogens and antiestrogens activate hPXR.Q40155447
The flame retardants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, are pregnane X receptor activatorsQ40166301
Pregnane X receptor-dependent induction of the CYP3A4 gene by o,p'-1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethaneQ40221071
Evaluation of 170 xenobiotics as transactivators of human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) and correlation to known CYP3A4 drug interactionsQ40275355
Identification of new human pregnane X receptor ligands among pesticides using a stable reporter cell system.Q40299714
Serine 202 regulates the nuclear translocation of constitutive active/androstane receptorQ40336237
A traditional herbal medicine enhances bilirubin clearance by activating the nuclear receptor CAR.Q40364666
An orphan nuclear receptor activated by pregnanes defines a novel steroid signaling pathwayQ28263744
PXR (NR1I2): splice variants in human tissues, including brain, and identification of neurosteroids and nicotine as PXR activatorsQ28281902
The cholesterol-raising factor from coffee beans, cafestol, as an agonist ligand for the farnesoid and pregnane X receptorsQ28299263
Dehydroepiandrosterone induces human CYP2B6 through the constitutive androstane receptorQ28307539
Environmental xenobiotics and the antihormones cyproterone acetate and spironolactone use the nuclear hormone pregnenolone X receptor to activate the CYP3A23 hormone response elementQ28369384
Endocrine disrupting chemicals, phthalic acid and nonylphenol, activate Pregnane X receptor-mediated transcriptionQ28372771
Insulin differentially affects xenobiotic-enhanced, cytochrome P-450 (CYP)2E1, CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A expression in primary cultured rat hepatocytesQ28373995
Orphan nuclear receptors constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor share xenobiotic and steroid ligandsQ28375193
The pregnane X receptor: a promiscuous xenobiotic receptor that has diverged during evolutionQ28378587
Expression and inducibility of cytochrome P450 3A9 (CYP3A9) and other members of the CYP3A subfamily in rat liverQ28578587
Evolution of the pregnane x receptor: adaptation to cross-species differences in biliary bile saltsQ28755660
Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients: a meta-analysis of prospective studiesQ29616299
A regulatory cascade of the nuclear receptors FXR, SHP-1, and LRH-1 represses bile acid biosynthesisQ29617241
St John's wort, a herbal antidepressant, activates the steroid X receptor.Q31438381
The expression of pregnane X receptor and its target gene, cytochrome P450 3A1, in perinatal mouseQ31875556
Evaluation of cytotoxic, genotoxic and CYP450 enzymatic competition effects of Tanzanian plant extracts traditionally used for treatment of fungal infections.Q33323218
Evolution of pharmacologic specificity in the pregnane X receptorQ33326759
Induction of the hepatic cytochrome P450 2B subfamily by xenobiotics: research history, evolutionary aspect, relation to tumorigenesis, and mechanismQ33342694
Sexually dimorphic regulation and induction of P450s by the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR).Q33559832
Orphan nuclear receptors: shifting endocrinology into reverseQ33604569
The phytoestrogen coumestrol is a naturally occurring antagonist of the human pregnane X receptorQ33642959
The nuclear orphan receptor CAR-retinoid X receptor heterodimer activates the phenobarbital-responsive enhancer module of the CYP2B geneQ33779787
Alterations in xenobiotic metabolism in the long-lived Little miceQ33809704
Pregnane X receptor prevents hepatorenal toxicity from cholesterol metabolitesQ33837172
Nuclear receptors constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor ameliorate cholestatic liver injuryQ33838275
Relative activation of human pregnane X receptor versus constitutive androstane receptor defines distinct classes of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 inducersQ33881813
CAR2 displays unique ligand binding and RXRalpha heterodimerization characteristicsQ33926322
A novel pregnane X receptor-mediated and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-independent lipogenic pathwayQ33945905
Regulation of a xenobiotic sulfonation cascade by nuclear pregnane X receptor (PXR).Q34161577
Phenobarbital response elements of cytochrome P450 genes and nuclear receptorsQ34192683
Pregnane X receptor: molecular basis for species differences in CYP3A induction by xenobioticsQ34241276
Sex is a major determinant of CYP3A4 expression in human liverQ34265530
A structural model of the constitutive androstane receptor defines novel interactions that mediate ligand-independent activityQ34283520
Human hepatocyte culture systems for the in vitro evaluation of cytochrome P450 expression and regulation.Q34283856
Prenatal exposure to phenobarbital permanently decreases testosterone and causes reproductive dysfunctionQ48944729
Importance of hepatic induction of constitutive androstane receptor and other transcription factors that regulate xenobiotic metabolism and transportQ50086288
Mouse liver effects of cyproconazole, a triazole fungicide: role of the constitutive androstane receptorQ50086805
Orphan nuclear receptor constitutive active/androstane receptor-mediated alterations in DNA methylation during phenobarbital promotion of liver tumorigenesis.Q50089976
ADME transcriptome in Hispanic versus White donor livers: evidence of a globally enhanced NR1I3 (CAR, constitutive androstane receptor) gene signature in HispanicsQ50090382
Regulation and induction of CYP3A11, CYP3A13 and CYP3A25 in C57BL/6J mouse liverQ50090478
Changes in the expression of cytochromes P450 and nuclear receptors in the liver of genetically diabetic db/db miceQ50092067
Constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) ligand, TCPOBOP, attenuates Fas-induced murine liver injury by altering Bcl-2 proteinsQ50092710
Activation of human CYP2C9 promoter and regulation by CAR and PXR in mouse liverQ50093008
Localization of the nuclear receptor CAR at the cell membrane of mouse liverQ50095253
Twenty-six novel single nucleotide polymorphisms and their frequencies of the NR1I3 (CAR) gene in a Japanese populationQ50098778
Interleukin-6 negatively regulates the expression of pregnane X receptor and constitutively activated receptor in primary human hepatocytesQ50107216
Energy change in the formation of conjugated bilirubin: a possible responsive mechanism for liver cell pathology.Q50699518
Gender does not affect the degree of induction of tirilazad clearance by phenobarbital.Q51018598
Biotransformation of tirilazad in human: 1. Cytochrome P450 3A-mediated hydroxylation of tirilazad mesylate in human liver microsomes.Q51033536
Enzyme inducers improve insulin sensitivity in non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.Q51637195
Sex-dependent regulation of hepatic cytochrome P-450 by DDT.Q52538614
Activation of pregnane X receptor disrupts glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid homeostasis.Q52573580
Mode of action in relevance of rodent liver tumors to human cancer risk.Q53265627
Up-regulation of basolateral multidrug resistance protein 3 (Mrp3) in cholestatic rat liver.Q54000196
Molecular pathogenesis of cholestasis.Q54344101
Sex is a major determinant of CYP3A4 expression in human liverQ56453603
More than just proliferation: Myc function in stem cellsQ58379812
Cytochrome P450 in livers of diabetic rats: regulation by growth hormone and insulinQ69293166
Hexachlorobenzene episode in TurkeyQ69392322
Reproductive dysfunction in male rats following prenatal exposure to phenobarbitalQ71121644
Pharmacology. A worrisome side effect of an antianxiety remedyQ73471762
Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as estrogens and antiestrogens: structure-activity relationshipsQ73507988
Ginkgolide A contributes to the potentiation of acetaminophen toxicity by Ginkgo biloba extract in primary cultures of rat hepatocytesQ79255916
Crystal structure of the pregnane X receptor-estradiol complex provides insights into endobiotic recognitionQ79843123
Altered methylation in gene-specific and GC-rich regions of DNA is progressive and nonrandom during promotion of skin tumorigenesisQ82995388
Orphan nuclear receptors: the exotics of xenobiotics.Q34311554
Guggulsterone activates multiple nuclear receptors and induces CYP3A gene expression through the pregnane X receptorQ34312377
The mycoestrogen zearalenone induces CYP3A through activation of the pregnane X receptorQ34312427
Desmethoxyyangonin and dihydromethysticin are two major pharmacological kavalactones with marked activity on the induction of CYP3A23.Q34337005
Regulation of constitutive androstane receptor and its target genes by fasting, cAMP, hepatocyte nuclear factor alpha, and the coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alphaQ34346480
Pharmacogenetics: an opportunity for a safer and more efficient pharmacotherapyQ34368342
Regulation of CYP3A4 expression in human hepatocytes by pharmaceuticals and natural productsQ34532906
Role of nuclear receptors in the adaptive response to bile acids and cholestasis: pathogenetic and therapeutic considerations.Q34533943
The nuclear receptor constitutively active/androstane receptor regulates type 1 deiodinase and thyroid hormone activity in the regenerating mouse liverQ34575060
Expression of constitutive androstane receptor, hepatic nuclear factor 4 alpha, and P450 oxidoreductase genes determines interindividual variability in basal expression and activity of a broad scope of xenobiotic metabolism genes in the human liverQ34580438
How important are gender differences in pharmacokinetics?Q34660699
DHA down-regulates phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P450 2B1 gene expression in rat primary hepatocytes by attenuating CAR translocationQ34695305
CYP3A4 and pregnane X receptor humanized miceQ34701039
An essential role for nuclear receptors SXR/PXR in detoxification of cholestatic bile acids.Q34732527
Alteration in sexually dimorphic testosterone biotransformation profiles as a biomarker of chemically induced androgen disruption in miceQ35029880
Tumor promotion in rat liverQ35037433
Functional and structural comparison of PXR and CAR.Q35062476
The expression of CYP2B6, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 genes: a tangle of networks of nuclear and steroid receptors.Q35062482
Expression levels and activation of a PXR variant are directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell linesQ35076110
Induction of drug metabolism: the role of nuclear receptors.Q35600898
In silico approaches, and in vitro and in vivo experiments to predict induction of drug metabolism.Q35605506
In the regulation of cytochrome P450 genes, phenobarbital targets LKB1 for necessary activation of AMP-activated protein kinaseQ35612115
The role of the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitisQ35761434
Steroid hormone biotransformation and xenobiotic induction of hepatic steroid metabolizing enzymesQ35769196
Early increase in cyclin-D1 expression and accelerated entry of mouse hepatocytes into S phase after administration of the mitogen 1, 4-Bis[2-(3,5-Dichloropyridyloxy)] benzeneQ35793445
The environmental estrogen, nonylphenol, activates the constitutive androstane receptorQ36017105
The role of the stages of initiation and promotion in phenotypic diversity during hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat.Q36115704
Herbal interactions involving cytochrome p450 enzymes: a mini reviewQ36130218
Induction of PXR-mediated metabolism by beta-caroteneQ36159358
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase is an endogenous signal retaining the nuclear constitutive active/androstane receptor (CAR) in the cytoplasm of mouse primary hepatocytesQ36178598
CAR and PXR: xenosensors of endocrine disrupters?Q36212927
Transcriptional regulation and transformation by Myc proteinsQ36215755
CAR, the continuously advancing receptor, in drug metabolism and diseaseQ36230600
Genetic variants of PXR (NR1I2) and CAR (NR1I3) and their implications in drug metabolism and pharmacogeneticsQ36230613
Di-n-butyl phthalate activates constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptor and enhances the expression of steroid-metabolizing enzymes in the liver of rat fetusesQ40420671
Lignans, bacteriocides and organochlorine compounds activate the human pregnane X receptor (PXR).Q40424407
Functional characterization of a novel polymorphism of pregnane X receptor, Q158K, in Chinese subjectsQ40428536
Antimalarial artemisinin drugs induce cytochrome P450 and MDR1 expression by activation of xenosensors pregnane X receptor and constitutive androstane receptor.Q40447949
Novel CAR-mediated mechanism for synergistic activation of two distinct elements within the human cytochrome P450 2B6 gene in HepG2 cells.Q40488292
A PXR reporter gene assay in a stable cell culture system: CYP3A4 and CYP2B6 induction by pesticidesQ40490869
Environmental phthalate monoesters activate pregnane X receptor-mediated transcriptionQ40516176
Meclizine is an agonist ligand for mouse constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and an inverse agonist for human CAR.Q40532103
Regulation of CYP2B6 in primary human hepatocytes by prototypical inducersQ40587140
Functional characterization of four naturally occurring variants of human pregnane X receptor (PXR): one variant causes dramatic loss of both DNA binding activity and the transactivation of the CYP3A4 promoter/enhancer regionQ40601663
Regulation of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (ABCC2) by the nuclear receptors pregnane X receptor, farnesoid X-activated receptor, and constitutive androstane receptorQ40768989
Bisphenol-A, an environmental estrogen, activates the human orphan nuclear receptor, steroid and xenobiotic receptor-mediated transcriptionQ40777528
The nuclear receptor CAR mediates specific xenobiotic induction of drug metabolismQ40845372
Genetic diseases of bilirubin metabolism: the inherited unconjugated hyperbilirubinemiasQ41191189
Humanized xenobiotic response in mice expressing nuclear receptor SXR.Q41753938
A physiological role of AMP-activated protein kinase in phenobarbital-mediated constitutive androstane receptor activation and CYP2B inductionQ42156016
Induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes by garlic and allyl sulfide compounds via activation of constitutive androstane receptor and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2.Q42165468
Metabolism of the proestrogenic pesticide methoxychlor by hepatic P450 monooxygenases in rats and humans. Dual pathways involving novel ortho ring-hydroxylation by CYP2B.Q42281381
Estrogen activation of the nuclear orphan receptor CAR (constitutive active receptor) in induction of the mouse Cyp2b10 geneQ42495851
Stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase is essential for the induction of drug metabolizing enzymes by phenobarbital in human and mouse liverQ42501625
Comparative analysis of the effect of phenobarbital, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, butylated hydroxytoluene and nafenopin on rat hepatocarcinogenesisQ42503535
Compendium of gene expression profiles comprising a baseline model of the human liver drug metabolism transcriptomeQ42504457
Natural protein variants of pregnane X receptor with altered transactivation activity toward CYP3A4.Q42511482
Specific and overlapping functions of the nuclear hormone receptors CAR and PXR in xenobiotic responseQ42522063
Structure-dependent induction of CYP2B by polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in female Sprague-Dawley ratsQ42556768
Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase signaling modulates pregnane x receptor activity in a species-specific mannerQ43167106
The phenobarbital response enhancer module in the human bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 gene and regulation by the nuclear receptor CAR.Q43601213
Mechanism of induction of cytochrome p450 enzymes by the proestrogenic endocrine disruptor pesticide-methoxychlor: interactions of methoxychlor metabolites with the constitutive androstane receptor system.Q43608370
Plasma concentrations of persistent organochlorines in relation to thyrotropin and thyroid hormone levels in womenQ43609415
The orphan nuclear receptor, shp, mediates bile acid-induced inhibition of the rat bile acid transporter, ntcpQ43662706
Different expression of hepatic and renal cytochrome P450s between the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse and rat.Q43682845
Association of prenatal phenobarbital and phenytoin exposure with genital anomalies and menstrual disordersQ43765137
Coordinate regulation of xenobiotic and bile acid homeostasis by pregnane X receptorQ43767882
A pharmacophore for human pregnane X receptor ligandsQ43823795
Nonadditive hepatic tumor promoting effects by a mixture of two structurally different polychlorinated biphenyls in female rat liversQ43893628
Pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and benzoate X receptor (BXR) define three pharmacologically distinct classes of nuclear receptorsQ43974257
Effects of dexamethasone on aryl (SULT1A1)- and hydroxysteroid (SULT2A1)-sulfotransferase gene expression in primary cultured human hepatocytesQ44094353
Nuclear pregnane x receptor and constitutive androstane receptor regulate overlapping but distinct sets of genes involved in xenobiotic detoxificationQ44104285
Cytochrome P450 phenotypic ratios for predicting herb-drug interactions in humansQ44139044
Overexpression of glutamine synthetase is associated with beta-catenin-mutations in mouse liver tumors during promotion of hepatocarcinogenesis by phenobarbital.Q44183092
PXR-dependent induction of human CYP3A4 gene expression by organochlorine pesticidesQ44205476
Vitamin E activates gene expression via the pregnane X receptorQ44264352
A novel distal enhancer module regulated by pregnane X receptor/constitutive androstane receptor is essential for the maximal induction of CYP2B6 gene expressionQ44305000
Genetic profiling defines the xenobiotic gene network controlled by the nuclear receptor pregnane X receptorQ44381593
Cytochrome P450 Genes Are Differentially Expressed in Female and Male Hepatocyte Retinoid X Receptor α-Deficient MiceQ44440495
The small heterodimer partner interacts with the pregnane X receptor and represses its transcriptional activity.Q44477374
Sex difference in the proliferative response of mouse hepatocytes to treatment with the CAR ligand, TCPOBOP.Q44478729
The environmental pollutant 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene induces rat hepatic cytochrome P450 2B and 3A expression through the constitutive androstane receptor and pregnane X receptorQ44517647
A common set of immediate-early response genes in liver regeneration and hyperplasiaQ44527576
Vitamin K2 regulation of bone homeostasis is mediated by the steroid and xenobiotic receptor SXR.Q44550541
Complementary roles of farnesoid X receptor, pregnane X receptor, and constitutive androstane receptor in protection against bile acid toxicityQ44552108
Hepatic CYP2B6 expression: gender and ethnic differences and relationship to CYP2B6 genotype and CAR (constitutive androstane receptor) expressionQ44613137
Cytoplasmic Accumulation of the Nuclear Receptor CAR by a Tetratricopeptide Repeat Protein in HepG2 CellsQ44628543
Endocrine disruptors induce cytochrome P450 by affecting transcriptional regulation via pregnane X receptorQ44652921
The interaction between St John's wort and an oral contraceptiveQ44685310
Feed-forward regulation of bile acid detoxification by CYP3A4: studies in humanized transgenic miceQ44697387
A novel constitutive androstane receptor-mediated and CYP3A-independent pathway of bile acid detoxificationQ44741483
P433issue2
P407language of work or nameEnglishQ1860
P304page(s)81-105
P577publication date2009-06-01
P1433published inCurrent Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine: the international journal for expert reviews in pharmacogenomicsQ15752572
P1476titleActivation of CAR and PXR by Dietary, Environmental and Occupational Chemicals Alters Drug Metabolism, Intermediary Metabolism, and Cell Proliferation
P478volume7

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Q37302210Characterizing drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters that are bona fide CAR-target genes in mouse intestine
Q36325362Compensatory changes in CYP expression in three different toxicology mouse models: CAR-null, Cyp3a-null, and Cyp2b9/10/13-null mice
Q34127926Constitutive androstane receptor -null mice are sensitive to the toxic effects of parathion: association with reduced cytochrome p450-mediated parathion metabolism [corrected].
Q93024849Cyp2b-Knockdown Mice Poorly Metabolize Corn Oil and Are Age-Dependent Obese
Q35907128Daphnia HR96 is a promiscuous xenobiotic and endobiotic nuclear receptor
Q37184675Differential regulation of CYP3A4 promoter activity by a new class of natural product derivatives binding to pregnane X receptor
Q41658107Editor's Highlight: Neonatal Activation of the Xenobiotic-Sensors PXR and CAR Results in Acute and Persistent Down-regulation of PPARα-Signaling in Mouse Liver
Q41456158Effect of Short-Term Fasting on Systemic Cytochrome P450-Mediated Drug Metabolism in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Study Using a Cocktail Approach
Q41542803Effect of a high-fat diet on the hepatic expression of nuclear receptors and their target genes: relevance to drug disposition
Q36380561Exchange of polar lipids from adults to neonates in Daphnia magna: Perturbations in sphingomyelin allocation by dietary lipids and environmental toxicants
Q58577529Exploring the PXR ligand binding mechanism with advanced Molecular Dynamics methods
Q36620461Expression of human CAR splicing variants in BAC-transgenic mice
Q38958397Fipronil insecticide toxicology: oxidative stress and metabolism
Q37537458Flame retardant BDE-47 effectively activates nuclear receptor CAR in human primary hepatocytes.
Q90186771Gender differences in diet-induced steatotic disease in Cyp2b-null mice
Q92372464Gene Expression Profiling Reveals that PXR Activation Inhibits Hepatic PPARα Activity and Decreases FGF21 Secretion in Male C57Bl6/J Mice
Q37122768Genome-wide analysis of chromatin states reveals distinct mechanisms of sex-dependent gene regulation in male and female mouse liver
Q88605029High fat diet induced obesity is mitigated in Cyp3a-null female mice
Q35685373Lentiviral-mediated RNAi knockdown yields a novel mouse model for studying Cyp2b function
Q27022545Marine invertebrate xenobiotic-activated nuclear receptors: their application as sensor elements in high-throughput bioassays for marine bioactive compounds
Q27009230Modulation of xenobiotic receptors by steroids
Q38820078Molecular Basis of Metabolism-Mediated Conversion of PK11195 from an Antagonist to an Agonist of the Constitutive Androstane Receptor
Q36991523Molecular mechanisms underlying chemical liver injury
Q34909409Nonylphenol-mediated CYP induction is PXR-dependent: The use of humanized mice and human hepatocytes suggests that hPXR is less sensitive than mouse PXR to nonylphenol treatment
Q38768048Nuclear receptors and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Q36640752PXR antagonists and implication in drug metabolism
Q36414691Perturbations in polar lipids, starvation survival and reproduction following exposure to unsaturated fatty acids or environmental toxicants in Daphnia magna
Q58590765Pharmacological Activation of PXR and CAR Down-regulates Distinct Bile Acid-metabolizing Intestinal Bacteria and Alters Bile Acid Homeostasis
Q91793212Phase 0 of the Xenobiotic Response: Nuclear Receptors and Other Transcription Factors as a First Step in Protection from Xenobiotics
Q36573579Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Xenobiotic Nuclear Receptor Interactions Regulate Energy Metabolism, Behavior, and Inflammation in Non-alcoholic-Steatohepatitis.
Q50057182Polymorphisms in regulators of xenobiotic transport and metabolism genes PXR and CAR do not affect multiple myeloma risk: a case-control study in the context of the IMMEnSE consortium
Q34566467Quercetin induces hepatic lipid omega-oxidation and lowers serum lipid levels in mice
Q35998854RNA-Seq reveals common and unique PXR- and CAR-target gene signatures in the mouse liver transcriptome
Q64973888Role of xenobiotics in the induction and progression of fatty liver disease.
Q38736787Stable Overexpression of the Constitutive Androstane Receptor Reduces the Requirement for Culture with Dimethyl Sulfoxide for High Drug Metabolism in HepaRG Cells
Q35235739The HR96 activator, atrazine, reduces sensitivity of D. magna to triclosan and DHA.
Q34276287The HR97 (NR1L) group of nuclear receptors: a new group of nuclear receptors discovered in Daphnia species
Q38750759The regulation of human hepatic drug transporter expression by activation of xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors
Q98475105Weight of evidence and human relevance evaluation of the benfluralin mode of action in rodents (part I): Liver carcinogenesis

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