Abstract is: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large locus on vertebrate DNA containing a set of closely linked polymorphic genes that code for cell surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system. These cell surface proteins are called MHC molecules. This locus got its name because it was discovered via the study of transplanted tissue compatibility. Later studies revealed that tissue rejection due to incompatibility is only a facet of the full function of MHC molecules: binding an antigen derived from self-proteins, or from pathogens, and bringing the antigen presentation to the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T-cells. MHC molecules mediate the interactions of leukocytes, also called white blood cells (WBCs), with other leukocytes or with body cells. The MHC determines donor compatibility for organ transplant, as well as one's susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. In a cell, protein molecules of the host's own phenotype or of other biologic entities are continually synthesized and degraded. Each MHC molecule on the cell surface displays a small peptide (a molecular fraction of a protein) called an epitope. The presented self-antigens prevent an organism's immune system from targeting its own cells. The presentation of pathogen-derived proteins results in the elimination of the infected cell by the immune system. Diversity of an individual's self-antigen presentation, mediated by MHC self-antigens, is attained in at least three ways: (1) an organism's MHC repertoire is polygenic (via multiple, interacting genes); (2) MHC expression is codominant (from both sets of inherited alleles); (3) MHC gene variants are highly polymorphic (diversely varying from organism to organism within a species). Sexual selection has been observed in male mice choosing to mate with females with different MHCs. Also, at least for MHC I presentation, there has been evidence of antigenic peptide splicing, which can combine peptides from different proteins, vastly increasing antigen diversity.
| gene complex | Q78855299 |
| chromosomal region | Q22330383 |
| gene complex | Q78855299 |
| P268 | Bibliothèque nationale de France ID | 12362128b |
| P3569 | Cultureel Woordenboek ID | levenswetenschappen-en-geneeskunde/mhc |
| P10037 | Enciclopedia della Scienza e della Tecnica ID | mhc |
| P10565 | Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID | 171285 |
| P1417 | Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID | science/major-histocompatibility-complex |
| P2163 | FAST ID | 1006236 |
| P1402 | Foundational Model of Anatomy ID | 84079 |
| P646 | Freebase ID | /m/01f1y3 |
| P227 | GND ID | 4169760-1 |
| P2924 | Great Russian Encyclopedia Online ID (old version) | 2363210 |
| P269 | IdRef ID | 032627297 |
| 040735346 | ||
| P244 | Library of Congress authority ID | sh86004408 |
| P486 | MeSH descriptor ID | D008285 |
| P672 | MeSH tree code | G05.360.340.024.340.610 |
| G05.360.340.024.380.500 | ||
| G12.500.500 | ||
| P6366 | Microsoft Academic ID | 207936829 |
| P2004 | NALT ID | 42599 |
| P8189 | National Library of Israel J9U ID | 987007555996005171 |
| P1245 | OmegaWiki Defined Meaning | 1199966 |
| P10283 | OpenAlex ID | C207936829 |
| P3417 | Quora topic ID | Major-Histocompatibility-Complex |
| P2892 | UMLS CUI | C0024518 |
| C1753349 |
| P688 | encodes | MHC classes I/II-like antigen recognition protein | Q24783841 |
| P366 | has use | distinction of self from non-self | Q3488933 |
| Q108353287 | Ursachen des Diabetes / Abner Louis Notkins. - (1.1980) |
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| Q36199344 | Female choice and the MHC |
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| Q59352676 | Genetics of antigen processing and presentation |
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| Q26865650 | T cell recognition of non-peptidic antigens in infectious diseases |
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| Q40270854 | The causes of diabetes / Abner Louis Notkins. - (11.1979). |
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| Q64122213 | The degree of major histocompatibility complex matching between purebred Maltese and mongrel dogs using microsatellite markers |
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| Q112869819 | The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the kiwi (Apteryx spp.) |
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| Q24799415 | The role of major histocompatibility complex molecules in luteal function |
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| Q64253065 | Viruses Teaching Immunology: Role of LCMV Model and Human Viral Infections in Immunological Discoveries |
| Q3124896 | major histocompatibility complex, class I, G | instance of | P31 |
| Q24783841 | MHC classes I/II-like antigen recognition protein | encoded by | P702 |
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