Los Alamos National Laboratory

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Abstract is: Los Alamos National Laboratory (often shortened as Los Alamos and LANL) is one of the sixteen research and development laboratories of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), located a short distance northwest of Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the American southwest. Best known for its central role in helping develop the first atomic bomb, LANL is one of the world's largest and most advanced scientific institutions. Los Alamos was established in 1943 as a top-secret site for designing nuclear weapons under the Manhattan Project during World War II. Selected for its remote yet relatively accessible location, it was initially known as Project Y and served as the main hub for conducting and coordinating nuclear research; other labs, today known as Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Hanford Site, concentrated on the production of uranium and plutonium bomb fuels. Los Alamos was the heart of the project, bringing together some of the world's most famous scientists, among them numerous Nobel Prize winners. The lab's existence was made public after the war ended, when it became known universally as Los Alamos. In 1952, the Atomic Energy Commission formed a second design lab under the direction of the University of California, Berkeley, becoming the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The two labs have since competed on a wide variety of bomb designs. With the end of the Cold War, both labs have focused increasingly on civilian missions. Today, Los Alamos is one of the largest science and technology institutions in the world. It conducts multidisciplinary research in fields such as national security, space exploration, nuclear fusion, renewable energy, medicine, nanotechnology, and supercomputing. The town of Los Alamos, New Mexico, directly north of the lab, grew extensively through this period. After several reorganizations, LANL is currently privately managed and operated by Triad National Security, LLC.

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