Abstract is: Nicholas I (6 July [O.S. 25 June] 1796 – 2 March [O.S. 18 February] 1855) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Finland. He was the third son of Paul I and younger brother of his predecessor, Alexander I. Nicholas inherited his brother's throne despite the failed Decembrist revolt against him. He is mainly remembered in history as a reactionary whose controversial reign was marked by geographical expansion, economic growth, and massive industrialisation on the one hand, and centralisation of administrative policies and repression of dissent on the other. Nicholas had a happy marriage that produced a large family; all of their seven children survived childhood. Nicholas's biographer Nicholas V. Riasanovsky said that he displayed determination, singleness of purpose, and an iron will, along with a powerful sense of duty and a dedication to very hard work. He saw himself as a soldier—a junior officer totally consumed by spit and polish. A handsome man, he was highly nervous and aggressive. Trained as an engineer, he was a stickler for minute detail. In his public persona, stated Riasanovsky, "Nicholas I came to represent autocracy personified: infinitely majestic, determined and powerful, hard as stone, and relentless as fate." Nicholas I was instrumental in helping to create an independent Greek state, and resumed the Russian conquest of the Caucasus by seizing Iğdır Province and the remainder of modern-day Armenia and Azerbaijan from Qajar Persia during the Russo-Persian War of 1826–1828. He ended the Russo-Turkish War (1828–29) successfully as well. Later on, however, he led Russia into the Crimean War (1853–1856), with disastrous results. Historians emphasize that his micromanagement of the armies hindered his generals, as did his misguided strategy. William C. Fuller notes that historians have frequently concluded that "the reign of Nicholas I was a catastrophic failure in both domestic and foreign policy." On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its geographical zenith, spanning over 20 million square kilometers (7.7 million square miles), but had a desperate need for reform.
human | Q5 |
P6683 | Alexander Turnbull Library ID | 150766 |
P12614 | az.lib.ru author ID | n/nikolaj_p |
P9037 | BHCL UUID | edcbc74e-f966-4a75-9396-06a2e0e9fe47 |
P10864 | Bibale ID | 6599 |
P268 | Bibliothèque nationale de France ID | 13573253r |
P10033 | Biografija.ru ID | nikolaj-i |
P3595 | Biografiskt Lexikon för Finland ID | 3230 |
P10713 | Biografiskt Lexikon för Finland ID (urn.fi) | 4688-1416928957294 |
P9324 | BiographySampo person ID | p916 |
P7928 | BioLexSOE ID | 1458 |
P5019 | Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID | nikolaus-nikolaus-i-20 |
P8589 | Carl-Maria-von-Weber-Gesamtausgabe ID | A003391 |
P1871 | CERL Thesaurus ID | cnp00929084 |
P11496 | CiNii Research ID | 1140845216612331008 |
P1472 | Commons Creator page | Nicholas I of Russia |
P6706 | De Agostini ID | Nicòla+I+(zar+di+Russia) |
P8313 | Den Store Danske ID | Nikolaj_1. |
P7902 | Deutsche Biographie (GND) ID | 118588079 |
P701 | Dodis ID | P32855 |
P8826 | edition humboldt digital ID | H0001165 |
P6394 | ELNET ID | a1150836x |
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P10565 | Encyclopedia of China (Third Edition) ID | 89709 |
P1417 | Encyclopædia Britannica Online ID | biography/Nicholas-I-tsar-of-Russia |
P3219 | Encyclopædia Universalis ID | nicolas-ier-pavlovitch |
P8168 | FactGrid item ID | Q510186 |
P6262 | Fandom article ID | cs.historika:Mikuláš_I._Ruský |
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P535 | Find a Grave memorial ID | 7033016 |
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P1819 | genealogics.org person ID | I00005859 |
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P1842 | Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online ID | Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia (1796-1855) |
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P10297 | Google Arts & Culture entity ID | m0clk3 |
P12385 | Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID | nicolau-i-de-russia |
P1296 | Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana ID (former scheme) | 0046002 |
P11514 | Great Russian Encyclopedia portal ID | nikolai-i-rossiiskii-imperator-917d9e |
P9943 | Hill Museum & Manuscript Library ID | person/625044792975 |
P7982 | Hrvatska enciklopedija ID | 43794 |
P269 | IdRef ID | 052665496 |
P5063 | Interlingual Index ID | i96399 |
P8130 | Internetowy Polski Słownik Biograficzny ID | mikolaj-i-wiesz |
P213 | ISNI | 0000000120961552 |
P10553 | IxTheo authority ID | 079381529 |
P2180 | Kansallisbiografia ID | 3230 |
3230 | ||
P8980 | KANTO ID | 000111273 |
P6385 | Krugosvet article | istoriya/NIKOLA_I.html |
P6058 | Larousse ID | personnage/wd/135235 |
P2977 | LBT person ID | Nicholas1 |
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P244 | Library of Congress authority ID | n50047917 |
P5587 | Libris-URI | gdsvwpp00zl2fh3 |
P3388 | LittleSis people ID | 185285 |
P10242 | Lur Encyclopedic Dictionary ID | 04419/eu_n_0808/n0808 |
P12597 | museum-digital person ID | 20350 |
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니콜라이 1세 | ||
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P3348 | National Library of Greece ID | 142389 |
P10227 | National Library of Ireland ID | vtls001098234 |
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P8189 | National Library of Israel J9U ID | 987007266075105171 |
P1368 | National Library of Latvia ID | 000058170 |
P7699 | National Library of Lithuania ID | LNB:V*262406;=BG |
P7029 | National Library of Russia ID | 7794846 |
P950 | National Library of Spain ID | XX1591590 |
P1816 | National Portrait Gallery (London) person ID | mp62915 |
P1006 | Nationale Thesaurus voor Auteursnamen ID | 069989699 |
P2538 | Nationalmuseum Sweden ID | 12074 |
P3222 | NE.se ID | nikolaj-i |
P691 | NL CR AUT ID | jn20020410003 |
P1315 | NLA Trove people ID | 934267 |
P1695 | NLP ID (old) | a0000001202910 |
P1263 | NNDB people ID | 208/000077974 |
P1015 | NORAF ID | 90638022 |
P1207 | NUKAT ID | n99006930 |
P11835 | Numista ruling authority ID | 1486 |
P7305 | Online PWN Encyclopedia ID | 3941183 |
P12582 | Oxford Reference overview ID | 20110810105502735 |
P12458 | Parsifal cluster ID | 454266 |
P8317 | Philadelphia Museum of Art entity ID | 2786 |
P7293 | PLWABN ID | 9810595834205606 |
P8349 | Proleksis enciklopedija ID | 38950 |
P12715 | Pushkin Museum artist ID | 15927296 |
P3417 | Quora topic ID | Nicholas-I-of-Russia |
P4553 | RA Collections ID | 14086 |
P9171 | RILM ID | 219406 |
P5504 | RISM ID | people/162943 |
P650 | RKDartists ID | 460347 |
P1185 | Rodovid ID | 12329 |
P4808 | Royal Academy new identifier | nicolas-i |
P9756 | Schoenberg Database of Manuscripts name ID | 37292 |
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P906 | SELIBR ID | 208530 |
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P4342 | Store norske leksikon ID | Nikolaj_1. |
P1260 | Swedish Open Cultural Heritage URI | LSH/agents/21779 |
P3544 | Te Papa agent ID | 66304 |
P4638 | The Peerage person ID | p10069.htm#i100689 |
P3365 | Treccani ID | nicola-i-romanov-zar-di-russia |
P6404 | Treccani's Dizionario di Storia ID | nicola-i-romanov |
P4223 | Treccani's Enciclopedia Italiana ID | nicola-i-romanov-zar-di-tutte-le-russie |
P1225 | U.S. National Archives Identifier | 10582418 |
P8833 | Union Catalog of Armenian Libraries authority ID | 18519 |
P245 | Union List of Artist Names ID | 500122390 |
P11182 | UOM ID | 78733 |
P6821 | Uppsala University Alvin ID | alvin-person:68208 |
P4854 | Uppslagsverket Finland ID | NikolajI |
P1017 | Vatican Library ID (former scheme) | ADV11966532 |
P8034 | Vatican Library VcBA ID | 495/48366 |
P214 | VIAF ID | 262930742 |
P4159 | WeRelate person ID | Nicholas_I_of_Russia_(1) |
P12086 | WikiKids ID | Nicolaas_I_van_Rusland |
P2949 | WikiTree person ID | Рома́нов-2 |
P10832 | WorldCat Entities ID | E39PBJcwxpfQ83JR4cVKtDX68C |
P945 | allegiance | Russian Empire | Q34266 |
P85 | anthem | God Save the Tsar! | Q478470 |
P166 | award received | Order of the Red Eagle | Q93732 |
Military Order of the Tower and Sword | Q93932 | ||
Order of the Oak Crown | Q94093 | ||
Order of the Black Eagle | Q94145 | ||
Order of Saint Stanislaus | Q112457 | ||
Order of the White Eagle | Q84020 | ||
Order of the Southern Cross | Q93713 | ||
Order of the Garter | Q215248 | ||
Order of Ludwig I | Q264771 | ||
Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary | Q285071 | ||
Order of Saint Stanislaus | Q113403 | ||
Order of the Golden Fleece | Q465774 | ||
House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis | Q471468 | ||
House Order of the Golden Lion | Q471548 | ||
Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order | Q471832 | ||
Order of the Redeemer | Q614661 | ||
Order of the Rue Crown | Q659711 | ||
Order of Military Merit (Württemberg) | Q661851 | ||
Order of the Zähringer Lion | Q688779 | ||
Order of Albert the Bear | Q474284 | ||
Order of Fidelity | Q474336 | ||
Order of St. George | Q474350 | ||
Order of St. Andrew | Q1126563 | ||
Order of Saint Hubert | Q699459 | ||
Royal Guelphic Order | Q705153 | ||
Order of the Saxe-Ernestine | Q564942 | ||
Order of the Most Holy Annunciation | Q567417 | ||
Order of the Crown | Q568857 | ||
Order of the Netherlands Lion | Q1471215 | ||
Royal Order of the Sword | Q1476049 | ||
Order of St. Vladimir | Q1501067 | ||
Order of Saint Anna | Q1147717 | ||
Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George | Q1329801 | ||
Royal Order of the Seraphim | Q1331130 | ||
Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of William | Q2424158 | ||
Order of the Holy Spirit | Q1335445 | ||
Order of St. Vladimir, 1st class | Q27096841 | ||
Order of Saint John of Jerusalem | Q32360670 | ||
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary | Q35793416 | ||
Order of St. George | Q52557514 | ||
Knight of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky | Q15831432 | ||
Order of the Tower and Sword | Q10341302 | ||
Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky | Q10514065 | ||
Order of Willem | Q1521491 | ||
Order of the Merit under the title of Saint Louis | Q1601126 | ||
Order of Saint Januarius | Q1683024 | ||
Medals of Turkish War 1828-1829 | Q1717447 | ||
Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit | Q2295418 | ||
Order of the White Falcon | Q570644 | ||
Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class | Q19344818 | ||
Order of St. George, 4th class | Q14905810 | ||
Imperial Order of the Rose | Q1079555 | ||
Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece | Q15117228 | ||
honorary citizen of Berlin | Q15124573 | ||
Order of Saint Stanislaus, 1st class | Q19344746 | ||
Royal Order of the Polar Star | Q961142 | ||
Order of the Elephant | Q976544 | ||
P1477 | birth name | Николай Павлович Романов | |
P509 | cause of death | pneumonia | Q12192 |
P40 | child | Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia | Q161199 |
Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia | Q163863 | ||
Alexander II of Russia | Q83171 | ||
Olga Nikolaevna of Russia | Q234926 | ||
Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia | Q446724 | ||
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia | Q234052 | ||
Grand Duchess Alexandra Nikolaevna of Russia | Q238478 | ||
Olga Karoline Albrecht | Q75318515 | ||
unnamed daughter Romanov | Q75391592 | ||
second unnamed daughter Romanov | Q75391593 | ||
third unnamed daughter Romanov | Q75391596 | ||
Joséphine Koberwein | Q3186654 | ||
Aleksey Paskhin | Q4346762 | ||
Grand Duchess Elizabeth Nikolaevna of Russia | Q5594505 | ||
P607 | conflict | War of the Sixth Coalition | Q138107 |
Decembrist revolt | Q126306 | ||
November Uprising | Q462964 | ||
Crimean War | Q254106 | ||
Ninth Russo-Turkish War | Q287942 | ||
Hungarian Independence War | Q1326671 | ||
Russo-Persian War of 1826–28 | Q1420115 | ||
P7763 | copyright status as a creator | copyrights on works have expired | Q71887839 |
P27 | country of citizenship | Russian Empire | Q34266 |
P1343 | described by source | Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition | Q867541 |
The Nuttall Encyclopædia | Q3181656 | ||
Faces of Moscow | Q28666511 | ||
The New Student's Reference Work | Q16082057 | ||
Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the University of Oxford, 1715–1886 | Q19036877 | ||
Sytin Military Encyclopedia | Q4114391 | ||
Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary | Q602358 | ||
Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1926–1947) | Q20078554 | ||
Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron | Q4173137 | ||
Granat Encyclopedic Dictionary | Q4532138 | ||
Small Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary | Q19180675 | ||
New Encyclopedic Dictionary | Q19190511 | ||
P53 | family | Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov | Q870568 |
P734 | family name | Romanov | Q10854295 |
Romanov | Q10854295 | ||
Romanov | Q10854295 | ||
P22 | father | Paul I of Russia | Q15189 |
P735 | given name | Nikolai | Q5486169 |
Nikolai | Q5486169 | ||
P2354 | has list | ??? | Q24009712 |
P6379 | has works in the collection | Royal Collections of the Netherlands | Q50632603 |
P1412 | languages spoken, written or signed | French | Q150 |
Russian | Q7737 | ||
German | Q188 | ||
P1576 | lifestyle | mysticism | Q45996 |
P1196 | manner of death | natural causes | Q3739104 |
P241 | military branch | military engineering | Q158797 |
cavalry | Q47315 | ||
??? | Q2368252 | ||
P410 | military or police rank | inspector general | Q2305417 |
Engineer-General | Q2624059 | ||
P25 | mother | Sophie Dorothee of Württemberg (Maria Feodorovna) | Q57632 |
P1559 | name in native language | Никола́й I Па́влович | |
P103 | native language | Russian | Q7737 |
P97 | noble title | Emperor of all the Russias | Q2618625 |
P106 | occupation | monarch | Q116 |
ruler | Q1097498 | ||
P5008 | on focus list of Wikimedia project | Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4 | Q6173448 |
P1830 | owner of | Gatchina Palace | Q7461 |
Znamenka | Q2295734 | ||
P119 | place of burial | Peter and Paul Cathedral | Q736587 |
P39 | position held | Grand Prince of Finland | Q3257510 |
Emperor of all the Russias | Q2618625 | ||
P140 | religion or worldview | Russian Orthodox Church | Q60995 |
Eastern Orthodoxy | Q3333484 | ||
P21 | sex or gender | male | Q6581097 |
P3373 | sibling | Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia | Q234442 |
Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia | Q166198 | ||
Anna Pavlovna of Russia | Q160800 | ||
Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia | Q161106 | ||
Grand Duchess Alejandra Austria Pavlovna of Russia | Q233471 | ||
Catherine Pavlovna of Russia | Q234257 | ||
Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of Russia | Q371731 | ||
Alexander I of Russia | Q15193 | ||
Grand Duchess Olga Pavlovna of Russia | Q3350444 | ||
P26 | spouse | Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia | Q57207 |
P910 | topic's main category | Category:Nicholas I of Russia | Q9670535 |
P937 | work location | Saint Petersburg | Q656 |
FileName: Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1828.png
Description: Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire during 1828-1856.
Artist: Andrew Romanov 1721
Work is copyrighted.
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Attribution is required.
FileName: Imperial Monogram Of Tsar Nicholas I Of Russia.svg
Description: Imperial Monogram Of Tsar Nicholas I Of Russia
Artist:
Hugo Gerard Ströhl
(1851–1919) |
|||
---|---|---|---|
Alternative names |
Hugo Gerhard Ströhl | ||
Description | Austrian graphic designer and heraldist | ||
Date of birth/death | 24 September 1851 | 7 December 1919 | |
Location of birth/death | Wels | Mödling | |
Work location | |||
Authority file |
Work is copyrighted.
License: CC BY-SA 3.0
Attribution is required.
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Q166198 | Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia |
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Q161106 | Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia |
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Q108804889 | Ignatius Pavelovitj Sazikov | employer | P108 |
Q57207 | Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia | spouse | P26 |
Q24009712 | lijst van onderscheidingen van Nicolaas I van Rusland | facet of | P1269 |
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Q161106 | Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia | replaced by | P1366 |
Q9670535 | Category:Nicholas I of Russia | category's main topic | P301 |
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Q24934066 | coronation of Nicholas I as king of Poland | participant | P710 |
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