Abstract is: Haile Selassie I (Ge'ez: ቀዳማዊ ኀይለ ሥላሴ, romanized: Qädamawi Häylä Səllasé, Amharic pronunciation: [ˈhaɪlə sɨlˈlase]; born Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 1892 – 27 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to power as Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia (Enderase) for Empress Zewditu from 1916. Haile Selassie is widely considered a defining figure in modern Ethiopian history, and the key figure of Rastafari, a religious movement in Jamaica that emerged shortly after he became emperor in the 1930s. He was a member of the Solomonic dynasty, which claims to trace lineage to Emperor Menelik I, believed to be the son of King Solomon and Makeda the Queen of Sheba. Haile Selassie attempted to modernize the country through a series of political and social reforms, including the introduction of the 1931 constitution, its first written constitution, and the abolition of slavery. He led the failed efforts to defend Ethiopia during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War and spent most of the period of Italian occupation exiled in England. In 1940, he traveled to Sudan in order to assist in coordinating the anti-fascist struggle in Ethiopia, and returned to his home country in 1941 after the East African campaign. He dissolved the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea, which was established by the UN General Assembly in 1950, and annexed Eritrea into Ethiopia as one of its provinces, while fighting to prevent secession. Haile Selassie's internationalist views led to Ethiopia becoming a charter member of the United Nations. In 1963, he presided over the formation of the Organisation of African Unity, the precursor of the African Union, and served as its first chairman. In 1974, he was overthrown in a military coup by a Marxist–Leninist junta, the Derg. Haile Selassie was assassinated on 27 August 1975. Among some members of the Rastafari movement, Haile Selassie is referred to as the returned messiah of the Bible, God incarnate. This distinction notwithstanding, he was a Christian and adhered to the tenets and liturgy of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. The Rastafari movement was founded in Jamaica sometime around 1930 and its followers are estimated at between 700,000 and one million as of 2012. He has been criticized by some historians for his suppression of rebellions among the landed aristocracy (the mesafint), which consistently opposed his reforms; some critics have also criticized Ethiopia's failure to modernize rapidly enough. During his rule the Harari people were persecuted and many left the Harari Region. His regime was also criticized by human rights groups, such as Human Rights Watch, as autocratic and illiberal. Although some sources state that late during his regime the Oromo language was banned from education, public speaking and use in administration there was never an official law or government policy that criminalized any language. The Haile Selassie government relocated numerous Amharas into southern Ethiopia where they served in government administration, courts, and church. Following the death of Hachalu Hundessa in June 2020, the Statue of Haile Selassie in Cannizaro Park, London was destroyed by Oromo protesters, and his father's equestrian monument in Harar was removed.
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P8496 | Archive Site Trinity College Cambridge ID | haile-selassie-1892-1975-emperor-of-ethiopia |
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P935 | Commons gallery | Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia |
P6706 | De Agostini ID | Ḥaylasellase+I |
P8313 | Den Store Danske ID | Haile_Selassie |
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P9545 | Encyclopedia of China (Second Edition) ID | 206528 |
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XX963431 | ||
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P4629 | Online Books Page author ID | Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 1892-1975 |
P7305 | Online PWN Encyclopedia ID | 3909514 |
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P4342 | Store norske leksikon ID | Haile_Selassie_1. |
P8899 | Swedish National Library Arken ID | Selassie,-Haile |
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120015 | ||
P6404 | Treccani's Dizionario di Storia ID | haile-selassie-i |
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P2734 | Unz Review author ID | SellassieHaile |
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P2605 | ČSFD person ID | 25290 |
P85 | anthem | Marche Tafari | Q642657 |
P166 | award received | Order of the White Eagle | Q84020 |
Order of the White Rose of Finland | Q94437 | ||
Order of the Redeemer | Q614661 | ||
Order of the Star of Romania | Q950604 | ||
Order of the Nile | Q1783222 | ||
Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of William | Q2424158 | ||
Collar of the Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum | Q5357263 | ||
Order of the Eagle of Zambia | Q3885263 | ||
Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour | Q10855226 | ||
Grand Cross Special Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany | Q10904959 | ||
Knight grand cross of the order of the crown of Italy | Q14865244 | ||
Grand Cross of the Military Order of the Tower and Sword | Q15042103 | ||
Grand Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta | Q15715257 | ||
Grand Star of the Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria | Q17409133 | ||
Order of Propitious Clouds | Q11044080 | ||
United Nations Peace Medal | Q11421395 | ||
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knight of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus | Q20080471 | ||
Collar of the Order of Charles III | Q20866626 | ||
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Collar of the Order of Pope Pius IX | Q42217122 | ||
Knight of the Order of the Most Holy Annunciation | Q56855000 | ||
Grand Cross of the Order of the Condor of the Andes | Q25342379 | ||
Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun of Peru | Q25755314 | ||
Hilal-e-Pakistan | Q28323742 | ||
The honorary doctor of Lebanese University | Q101091907 | ||
Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath | Q104615859 | ||
Order of the Yugoslavian Great Star | Q63436645 | ||
Grand Cross of the Sash of the Three Orders | Q66580078 | ||
honorary doctor of the University of Bonn | Q83489209 | ||
P1477 | birth name | Täfäri Mäkonnän | |
P509 | cause of death | strangling | Q1145328 |
P40 | child | Amha Selassie | Q470528 |
Princess Tenagnework | Q4982309 | ||
Prince Makonnen, Duke of Harar | Q7244148 | ||
Prince Sahle Selassie of Ethiopia | Q7244234 | ||
Princess Romanework | Q7244791 | ||
Princess Tsehai | Q7244859 | ||
Princess Zenebework | Q7244874 | ||
P607 | conflict | World War II | Q362 |
P27 | country of citizenship | Ethiopian Empire | Q207521 |
P1343 | described by source | Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1969–1978) | Q17378135 |
Dictionary of African Biography | Q46002746 | ||
Africa: An Encyclopedic Reference | Q115653803 | ||
Obalky knih.cz | Q67311526 | ||
P53 | family | House of Solomon | Q256187 |
P734 | family name | Selassie | Q37454052 |
Selassie | Q37454052 | ||
Selassie | Q37454052 | ||
P22 | father | Mekonnen Welde Mikael | Q2564998 |
P735 | given name | Haile | Q122703078 |
Haile | Q122703078 | ||
P1412 | languages spoken, written or signed | Amharic | Q28244 |
P1196 | manner of death | homicide | Q149086 |
P410 | military rank | general | Q83460 |
P25 | mother | Yeshimebet Ali | Q8052816 |
P1559 | name in native language | ኃይለ፡ ሥላሴ | |
P97 | noble title | emperor | Q39018 |
P1411 | nominated for | Nobel Peace Prize | Q35637 |
P106 | occupation | monarch | Q116 |
politician | Q82955 | ||
P5008 | on focus list of Wikimedia project | Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4 | Q6173448 |
P461 | opposite of | Opposition to Haile Selassie | Q114316016 |
P119 | place of burial | Holy Trinity Cathedral | Q2599114 |
P39 | position held | Emperor of Ethiopia | Q10962705 |
chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity | Q19161632 | ||
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ethiopia | Q54245074 | ||
P1441 | present in work | Civilization V | Q2385 |
P140 | religion or worldview | Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church | Q179829 |
P551 | residence | Imperial Palace, Addis Ababa | Q3610474 |
P21 | sex or gender | male | Q6581097 |
P26 | spouse | Menen Asfaw | Q913749 |
P910 | topic's main category | Category:Haile Selassie | Q20931409 |
Q96786219 | Bust of Haile Selassie |
Q113656714 | News Flashes from Around the World: Italy, UK, USA |
Q113662592 | News from the World, June 1963 |
Q113674110 | News from the World, September 1961 |
Q113663246 | World News, March 1964, A Border War Between Ethiopia and Somalia |
Q116278072 | Appeal to the League of Nations |
Q19078639 | Defender of The Faith |
Q19019901 | Haile Selassie's address to the United Nations |
Q115473055 | Towards African Unity |
Q115519681 | Chronology of Haile Selassie |
Q6889140 | Modernization under Haile Selassie |
Q2966986 | Chronologie de l'Éthiopie sous Hailé Sélassié Ier, de 1930 à 1974 |
Q19092345 | Education of Women | creator | P170 |
Q913749 | Menen Asfaw | spouse | P26 |
Q56249804 | Prince Joel Dawit Makonnen | relative | P1038 |
Q20931409 | Category:Haile Selassie | category's main topic | P301 |
Q298213 | Sylvia Pankhurst | significant person | P3342 |
Q114316016 | Opposition to Haile Selassie | opposite of | P461 |
Q2385 | Civilization V | characters | P674 |
Q115518062 | Bibliography of Haile Selassie | main subject | P921 |
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