Somatic hypermutation and the three R's: repair, replication and recombination

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Somatic hypermutation and the three R's: repair, replication and recombination is …
instance of (P31):
review articleQ7318358
scholarly articleQ13442814

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P356DOI10.1016/S1383-5742(99)00003-4
P698PubMed publication ID10095138

P2093author name stringN Maizels
Q Kong
R S Harris
P2860cites workIdentification, characterization, and genetic mapping of Rad51d, a new mouse and human RAD51/RecA-related geneQ24312723
A human homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae REV3 gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase zetaQ24323043
Human and mouse homologs of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD54 DNA repair gene: evidence for functional conservationQ24323094
A phylogenomic study of the MutS family of proteinsQ24548238
Frequent somatic hypermutation of the 5' noncoding region of the BCL6 gene in B-cell lymphomaQ24561494
Adaptive mutation: the uses of adversityQ24596056
Somatic hypermutation introduces insertions and deletions into immunoglobulin V genesQ24652779
Frequent occurrence of deletions and duplications during somatic hypermutation: implications for oncogene translocations and heavy chain diseaseQ24682616
Deoxycytidyl transferase activity of yeast REV1 proteinQ27931173
Thymine-thymine dimer bypass by yeast DNA polymerase zetaQ27938043
Genes and antibodiesQ28185156
Antigenic variation in Lyme disease borreliae by promiscuous recombination of VMP-like sequence cassettesQ28235330
LAZ3, a novel zinc-finger encoding gene, is disrupted by recurring chromosome 3q27 translocations in human lymphomasQ28255448
Alterations of a zinc finger-encoding gene, BCL-6, in diffuse large-cell lymphomaQ28256118
Stimulation by Rad52 of yeast Rad51-mediated recombinationQ28260489
Conformations of immunoglobulin hypervariable regionsQ28273335
Biochemistry and genetics of eukaryotic mismatch repairQ28282377
Sequence analysis and expression of a novel mouse homolog of Escherichia coli recA geneQ47874682
Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes is independent of the Bloom's syndrome DNA helicaseQ47901855
Mutation of BCL-6 gene in normal B cells by the process of somatic hypermutation of Ig genesQ47982616
Immunoglobulin gene hypermutation in germinal centers is independent of the RAG-1 V(D)J recombinaseQ48037871
Somatic hypermutation occurs in B cells of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-, CD23-, interleukin-4-, IgD- and CD30-deficient mouse mutantsQ48061718
Locus-specific somatic hypermutation in germinal centre T cellsQ48077130
Analysis of sequence transfers resembling gene conversion in a mouse antibody transgeneQ48079225
The 5' boundary of somatic hypermutation in a V kappa gene is in the leader intronQ48081907
Mapping the upstream boundary of somatic mutations in rearranged immunoglobulin transgenes and endogenous genesQ48085081
Somatic generation of diversity in a mammalian primary lymphoid organ: the sheep ileal Peyer's patchesQ48232702
Somatic hypermutation of an immunoglobulin transgene in kappa transgenic miceQ48348716
A hyperconversion mechanism generates the chicken light chain preimmune repertoireQ48349399
Altered nucleotide sequences of a translocated c-myc gene in Burkitt lymphomaQ48394120
Somatic mutations of immunoglobulin variable genes are restricted to the rearranged V geneQ48398045
A single VH gene segment encodes the immune response to phosphorylcholine: somatic mutation is correlated with the class of the antibodyQ48409127
Somatic mutation of immunoglobulin light-chain variable-region genesQ48409137
The 5' hypermutation boundary of kappa chains is independent of local and neighbouring sequences and related to the distance from the initiation of transcription.Q50111104
Synergistic actions of Rad51 and Rad52 in recombination and DNA repairQ50335533
Antigen-specific development of primary and memory T cells in vivo.Q52053475
Disruption of mouse RAD54 reduces ionizing radiation resistance and homologous recombination.Q52524907
Variability in the Lambda Light Chain Sequences of Mouse AntibodyQ52832029
A direct role for DNA polymerase III in adaptive reversion of a frameshift mutation in Escherichia coli.Q54567733
Targeting of non-Ig sequences in place of the V segment by somatic hypermutation.Q54608320
Adaptive mutation by deletions in small mononucleotide repeats.Q54630365
Recombination in adaptive mutation.Q54635736
Somatic hypermutagenesis in immunoglobulin genes. III. Somatic mutations in the chicken light chain locusQ58003468
Origin of Antibody VariationQ59057486
Codon bias targets mutation.Q59081204
Elements regulating somatic hypermutation of an immunoglobulin κ gene: Critical role for the intron enhancer/matrix attachment regionQ60370477
Monitoring and interpreting the intrinsic features of somatic hypermutationQ61628475
Recombination-based mechanisms for somatic hypermutationQ64389096
Somatic hyperconversion diversifies the single Vh gene of the chicken with a high incidence in the D regionQ69235085
Structure of primary anti-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) antibodies in normal and idiotypically suppressed C57BL/6 miceQ69868150
Somatic diversification of the chicken immunoglobulin light chain gene is limited to the rearranged variable gene segmentQ70320281
Mutations of the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase transgene driven by the immunoglobulin promoter and intron enhancerQ70608716
Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes is linked to transcription initiationQ70934062
Somatic mutation of immunoglobulin V genes in vitroQ71095985
Somatic hypermutation of Ig genes in patients with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP-D)Q71163077
Analysis of the mutagenic properties of the UmuDC, MucAB and RumAB proteins, using a site-specific abasic lesionQ71265026
Strategies for expressing human antibody repertoires in transgenic miceQ71475348
Hypermutation generating the sheep immunoglobulin repertoire is an antigen-independent processQ72388464
Somatic mutation. From the dark zone to the lightQ72707873
Evaluation of the role of the 3'alpha heavy chain enhancer [3'alpha E(hs1,2)] in Vh gene somatic hypermutationQ73689109
The inactivation of the XP-C gene does not affect somatic hypermutation or class switch recombination of immunoglobulin genesQ73864520
Somatic hypermutation, transcription, and DNA mismatch repairQ77198198
DNA repair: knockouts still mutating after first roundQ77502682
Inactivation of the mouse Msh2 gene results in mismatch repair deficiency, methylation tolerance, hyperrecombination, and predisposition to cancerQ28294774
Increased hypermutation at G and C nucleotides in immunoglobulin variable genes from mice deficient in the MSH2 mismatch repair proteinQ28505917
Hot spot focusing of somatic hypermutation in MSH2-deficient mice suggests two stages of mutational targetingQ28506440
Mismatch repair deficiency interferes with the accumulation of mutations in chronically stimulated B cells and not with the hypermutation processQ28507129
Hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes in memory B cells of DNA repair-deficient miceQ28507519
Rad51 expression and localization in B cells carrying out class switch recombinationQ28508346
MSH2 deficient mice are viable and susceptible to lymphoid tumoursQ28508486
Mammalian Rad51 protein: a RecA homologue with pleiotropic functionsQ28611458
Altered spectra of hypermutation in antibodies from mice deficient for the DNA mismatch repair protein PMS2Q28910215
Mice deficient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumoursQ29547697
Mismatch repair in replication fidelity, genetic recombination, and cancer biologyQ29616483
Targeted disruption of the Rad51 gene leads to lethality in embryonic miceQ29618278
DNA excision repairQ29618453
Selective removal of transcription-blocking DNA damage from the transcribed strand of the mammalian DHFR geneQ30054509
Identification, chromosomal mapping and tissue-specific expression of hREV3 encoding a putative human DNA polymerase zeta.Q32060399
Analysis of damage tolerance pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a requirement for Rev3 DNA polymerase in translesion synthesisQ33771455
Genome-wide hypermutation in a subpopulation of stationary-phase cells underlies recombination-dependent adaptive mutationQ33886793
Cells strongly expressing Ig(kappa) transgenes show clonal recruitment of hypermutation: a role for both MAR and the enhancers.Q33886982
Proofreading-defective DNA polymerase II increases adaptive mutation in Escherichia coli.Q34019746
Induction of somatic mutation in a human B cell line in vitroQ34418234
RadA protein is an archaeal RecA protein homolog that catalyzes DNA strand exchangeQ34466769
Mismatch repair protein MutL becomes limiting during stationary-phase mutationQ35190848
Defining the nucleic acid substrate for somatic hypermutationQ35380853
Substitution of mucAB or rumAB for umuDC alters the relative frequencies of the two classes of mutations induced by a site-specific T-T cyclobutane dimer and the efficiency of translesion DNA synthesisQ35606437
Modifying the sequence of an immunoglobulin V-gene alters the resulting pattern of hypermutationQ35939989
V(D)J hypermutation and DNA mismatch repair: vexed by fixationQ36066595
Skiing the black diamond slope: progress on the biochemistry of translesion DNA synthesisQ36072617
Passenger transgenes reveal intrinsic specificity of the antibody hypermutation mechanism: clustering, polarity, and specific hot spotsQ36172034
Both DNA strands of antibody genes are hypermutation targetsQ36220380
BCL-6 mutations in normal germinal center B cells: evidence of somatic hypermutation acting outside Ig lociQ36322298
Boundaries of somatic mutation in rearranged immunoglobulin genes: 5' boundary is near the promoter, and 3' boundary is approximately 1 kb from V(D)J geneQ36354162
The transcriptional promoter regulates hypermutation of the antibody heavy chain locusQ36376764
B lymphocytes of xeroderma pigmentosum or Cockayne syndrome patients with inherited defects in nucleotide excision repair are fully capable of somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genesQ36380439
Augmented expression of a human gene for 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (MutM) in B lymphocytes of the dark zone in lymph node germinal centersQ36380783
The role of DNA repair in somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genesQ36400909
Mechanisms and biological effects of mismatch repairQ37041860
Avian B-cell development: generation of an immunoglobulin repertoire by gene conversionQ37357847
Somatic mutation in constant regions of mouse lambda 1 light chainsQ37591443
Male mice defective in the DNA mismatch repair gene PMS2 exhibit abnormal chromosome synapsis in meiosisQ38293261
Mutation drift and repertoire shift in the maturation of the immune responseQ39658890
Measurements of mutation rates in B lymphocytes.Q39658912
Rapid methods for the analysis of immunoglobulin gene hypermutation: application to transgenic and gene targeted miceQ39720046
Somatic hypermutationQ40404787
Somatic hypermutation: how many mechanisms diversify V region sequences?Q40410605
Antigenic variation in malariaQ40442253
Editing DNA replication and recombination by mismatch repair: from bacterial genetics to mechanisms of predisposition to cancer in humansQ40522942
Targeting and regulation of immunoglobulin gene somatic hypermutation and isotype switch recombinationQ40527478
Antigen diversity in the bacterium B. hermsii through "somatic" mutations in rearranged vmp genesQ40696088
Linear DNA of Borrelia species and antigenic variationQ40713853
Discriminating intrinsic and antigen-selected mutational hotspots in immunoglobulin V genesQ40858318
Homologous recombination and the roles of double-strand breaksQ40930013
Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genesQ40955728
TdT-accessible breaks are scattered over the immunoglobulin V domain in a constitutively hypermutating B cell lineQ40982321
The molecular basis of somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genesQ41049026
Gene conversion and homologous recombination in murine B cellsQ41062373
The germinal center: a crucible for lymphocyte selectionQ41062392
Rearrangement/hypermutation/gene conversion: when, where and why?Q41113095
Intraclonal generation of antibody mutants in germinal centresQ41172275
A quasi-monoclonal mouseQ41192055
Enhancers of hypermutationQ41246318
Meiotic recombination in yeast: coronation of the double-strand-break repair modelQ41285976
The VH and CH immunoglobulin genes of swine: implications for repertoire development.Q41299754
The origins of V(D)J recombinationQ41329165
Generation of antibody diversity in rabbitsQ41429681
DNA excision repair pathwaysQ41441658
DNA turnover and mutation in resting cellsQ41459470
Accessibility and the developmental regulation of V(D)J recombinationQ41512946
Immunoglobulin gene diversification in cattleQ41531157
DNA glycosylases in the base excision repair of DNAQ41532551
Adaptive reversion of a frameshift mutation in Escherichia coli by simple base deletions in homopolymeric runsQ41572901
Nucleotide excision repair in mammalian cellsQ41593250
Mutation for survivalQ41703503
Comparison of somatic mutation frequency among immunoglobulin genesQ42248453
Evolution of somatic hypermutation and gene conversion in adaptive immunityQ42678194
Mismatch repair co-opted by hypermutation.Q43917262
Somatic diversification of immunoglobulin heavy chain VDJ genes: evidence for somatic gene conversion in rabbitsQ44370457
Antigen receptor gene rearrangementQ46107069
Functional transplant of megabase human immunoglobulin loci recapitulates human antibody response in miceQ46760824
Somatic hypermutation in the heavy chain locus correlates with transcriptionQ47713194
Role of the human RAD51 protein in homologous recombination and double-stranded-break repairQ47714499
P433issue2
P407language of work or nameEnglishQ1860
P304page(s)157-178
P577publication date1999-03-01
P1433published inMutation ResearchQ6943732
P1476titleSomatic hypermutation and the three R's: repair, replication and recombination
P478volume436

Reverse relations

cites work (P2860)
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